1. How it maintains homeostasis
REGULATION
The process by which an organism maintains a stable internal environment in a constantly changing external environment
How it maintains homeostasis

2. Regulation
Involves both the Nervous System and the Endocrine System

3. TERMS
That you should know :

4. Stimulus
A change in the external or internal environment the initiates an impulse
Examples:

5. Impulse
An electro-chemical charge generated along a neuron (message)

6. Receptors Specialized structures that detect stimuli
sense organs are receptors
Examples:
Skin
Eyes
Tongue
Ears
Nose

7. Response A reaction to a stimulus Examples: Shivering when cold
Sweating when hot
Pulling hand away from hot stove
Jumping at the sound of a loud noise

8. Effectors
Organs of response
Glands or Muscles

9. Reflex
An involuntary automatic response to a given stimulus, not involving the brain

10. Examples of Reflexes: An insect flies in your eye You blink
A nasty odor
Nausea
A bright light
Pupils get smaller
Walk into a dark room
Pupils get larger
A dog smells food
Salivate

11. Reflex Arc
The pathway over which the impulse travels in a reflex

13. Neuron A cell specialized for the transmission of impulses
Also called a nerve cell

14. Structure of the Neuron
The basic unit of the nervous system is the neuron

15. ii. The Neuron Consists Of: Dendrites - axon - axon terminal - myelin
- cell body
Dendrites
- axon
- axon terminal
- myelin
dendrites
Axon terminal
Cell body
nucleus
axon
myelin

16. Parts of a Neuron Cyton (cell body)
Contains the nucleus and other cell organelles

17. Dendrites
Small fibers that detect a stimulus and generate impulses toward the cyton

18. Axon
Long fiber that carries impulse away from the cyton

19. Terminal Branches
Fibers at the ends of the axons that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters

20. Myelin Sheath
Protects the axon
Schwann cells produce myelin

21. Nerve
Thick fiber composed of the axons from many neurons

22. Synapse
Space between 2 adjacent neurons

23. Neurotransmitter
A chemical substance which aids in the transmission of an impulse across a synapse
Acetylcholine is an example

24. Three Types of Neurons
Sensory neurons: transmit impulses from receptors to spinal cord and brain

25. Types of neurons
Interneuron – relay impulses from one neuron to another in the brain and spinal cord

26. Types of Neurons
Motor Neuron: carry impulses from brain and spinal cord to effectors

27. Basic Events in Nervous Regulation
1. A stimulus activates a receptor
2. Impulses are started in nerve pathways
3. Effectors respond to the impulse