1. Nucleic Acids Store and transfer genetic information
Store Energy as ATP

2. Nucleic Acids Monomer = Nucleotides Nucleotides contain:
a 5-carbon sugar
a phosphate group
a nitrogen-containing base

3. Structures differ based on the pentose sugar present
Nucleic Acids
There are two types:
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
Structures differ based on the pentose sugar present

4. Nucleic Acids
DNA & RNA are… Huge, macromolecules that are polymers of nucleotides Form via dehydration synthesis between nucleotides.

5. DNA RNA works with DNA to direct protein synthesis Ribose sugar
makes up genes and chromosomes.
Controls all cell activities including cell division & protein synthesis.
undergoes mutations which are important to the process of evolution.
Deoxyribose sugar

6. DNA 4 different nucleotides in DNA
Sequence of these nucleotides is the “Genetic Code”
Nucleotides differ by the base present.

7. Types of DNA Nitrogenous Bases
Purines
- Double Ring Structure
- Adenine (A) / Guanine (G)
Pyrimidines
- Single Ring Structure
- Thymine (T) / Cytosine (C)

9. C --- G Backbone = sugar and phosphate
Bases stick out the side and H-bond with the complementary bases of the other strand
Complementary bases:
A --- T
C --- G

10. Choose a base.

11. Sections of DNA form functional units called GENES
Sections of DNA form functional units called GENES. A gene is one instruction for making one polypeptide, and is about 1000 nucleotides long, on average.
DNA is packaged into chromosomes, and is located in the nucleus. You have about 4 billion nucleotide pairs in each of your cells. Each of your 46 chromosomes contains one very long polymer of DNA around 85,000,000 nucleotides long!

12. RNA RNA is a single strand formed off a DNA template in the nucleus.
Involved in protein synthesis.
Several types: rRNA, mRNA, tRNA
Base Thymine replaced by URACIL.

13. ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate Molecule of ENERGY
Type of nucleotide
primary ENERGY CURRENCY in cells
Consists of sugar Ribose with base Adenine & 3 phosphate groups

15. ATP
Bond btwn outer two phosphates is very high in energy: when broken, much energy is released, which can be used by the cell (for example, for muscle contraction)
Mostly produced inside mitochondria during cellular respiration