1. Impacts of Megafauna on River Ecology
Katie Smith, EEB, 2015

2. Mpala Research Centre, Princeton Ecohydrology, and River Ecology

3. Hippo impacts on river ecology
Nutrient leaching
Limiting nutrients
Grazing patterns

4. Approach
Isotope analysis
Chemical tests
Soil and vegetation sampling

5. Chlorophyll A readings; p = .069

6. Dissolved oxygen values; p = .024

8. Special Thanks
Professors Kelly Caylor, Douglas McCauley, Hillary Young, and Dan Rubenstein
Lorin Romay and PEI
Ian Warrington, Molly O’Connor, John Gitonga, Ekomwa Akuwam, Moses Kioko Musyoka, Boniface Mukoma, Virginia Nyikadzino, Nancy Rubenstein, Mpala staff