1. Nationalism Growing pride to the U.S.
Stemmed from “victory” in the War of 1812
National pride begins to overtake regional pride
More in line with Hamilton’s view
Desire for your nation to be the strongest in the world
Decisions made to benefit your nation at the expense of others

2. Jacksonian Democracy
Expansion of democracy from the elites to the ordinary citizen
For 1828 election, voting rights had been relaxed
First time the average citizen had been able to vote
Opposite of Hamiltonian government
Able to relate to the common man
Old Hickory
Portrayed himself as a common man, despite being wealthy
Similar in belief to early Democratic-Republicans
Small government, favored agrarianism
Nationalist
Supported: term limits, no electoral college, Supreme Court elections
Expands executive powers

3. Spoils System “To the victor belong the spoils of the enemy”
Believed constant rotation of office holders was necessary to avoid corruption
Jackson appoints friends and loyal supporters to vacant government positions
Also removes many officials from the Adams administration
Kitchen Cabinet
Instead of official cabinet members, Jackson relied on close friends as his top advisors

4. Bank of the U.S.
Pet Bank
Specific state banks that were loyal to the Democratic Party
Jackson got his Sec of Treasury to put all government funds in these
Nicholas Biddle demanded repayment of all loans to save the BUS
Frustrated businessmen, hurt public perception of the BUS
Jackson veto’s renewal of the 2nd BUS
Claimed it had an unfair advantage over state banks
A privileged few benefited from the BUS, not average Americans
End of the Bank of the United States (1836)

5. Trail of Tears “5 Civilized Tribes”
Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, and Chickasaw
White settlers wanted Indian lands for themselves
Indian Removal Act of 1830
U.S. government negotiated with Indians to remove them from their lands
Some tribes were pressured into moving
Reservations
Lower quality land than Indians had before
Forceful removal occurs under President Van Buren
800 mile trip, mostly on foot
Indians had their possession and money stolen
Over a quarter of the Cherokee died from the conditions
Up to 4,000 deaths

6. Nullification Post War of 1812 tariff increased in ‘24 and ‘28
John C. Calhoun calls it a “Tariff of Abominations”
From South Carolina, Jackson’s VP
Tariff hurt southern farmers
Northern made goods were more expensive than British
South Carolina claims the tariff unconstitutional
SC’s economy hurting
Planters and slaves leaving to Alabama, bringing down cotton prices
South Carolina threatens secession
Jackson calls this treasonous and threatens to hang Calhoun
Congress gives him permission to use the military to enforce tariff
Henry Clay drafts a compromise to end the issue

7. Opposing views Whig Party Average Americans praised Andrew Jackson
Formed in opposition of Andrew Jackson
Henry Clay, John Q Adams, Daniel Webster
Backed Clay’s “American System”
Similar to the Federalist Party
Average Americans praised Andrew Jackson
Martin Van Buren (D )
Jackson’s Vice President
Gets elected POTUS after Jackson leaves office

8. Panic of 1837 Pet Banks proved to be unreliable
Printed way more money than they had gold or silver (specie) to back up
Could not pay back people when they went to withdraw their money
Federal government left responsible for worthless notes printed by Pet Banks
Tried to make only specie acceptable to purchase land
Leads to mass withdrawal of specie from banks
Mass withdrawal leads to nationwide bank failures
People across the country lose their savings and bank investments
Unemployment over 1/3

9. Whig Party takes Control
William Henry Harrison (W 1841)
War of 1812 hero
Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
Campaigned as a common man
Oldest elected POTUS till Reagan (1980s)
Gives 2 hour inauguration speech in freezing rain
Dies 30 days into presidency
John Tyler (W )
First person to succeed a POTUS
Process was unclear
“His Accidency”
Not faithful to Whig party platform
Joins Confederacy during the Civil War