1. Post-Classical China
AP World History

2. Three Kingdoms
End of the Han Dynasty was followed by a long period of disunity and civil war
Buddhism began to spread throughout China during this period
Introduced in the first century CE
Did not really begin to spread until after the Han empire collapsed
Tea was discovered in the south during this period
Porcelain was also developed during this time

4. Sui Dynasty (580-618 CE) Restored the Chinese imperial structure
Confucian bureaucracy, etc.
Defeated external enemies
Accomplishments of the Sui Dynasty
Grand Canal (right)
Confucianism also began to regain popularity
Weakened by military spending and external invasions

5. Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE) Expanded Confucian administrative system
Reformed examination system
Compiled the Tang Code in 624 CE
Liberal attitude towards all religions

6. Empress Wu (624-705) Only female empress in Chinese history
Removed the rightful heir to the throne in 690 CE
Recruited outstanding individuals to serve in her court
Buddhism was the favored state religion
Attempted to make it a state religion
Financed the building of many Buddhist temples

7. Tang Developments Rapid increase in rice production
Techniques such as planting out seedlings rapidly increased yield
Champa rice from Vietnam
Terrace Farming
Population doubled
Urbanization
Power moved from north to south
Revived the Silk Roads
Contemporaries of the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates

8. Song Dynasty (960-1279) Not politically powerful
Conquered by Mongols
Great advances were made in technology and culture
Used gunpowder as a weapon
Foreign trade expanded greatly due to junks
Rise of Neo-Confucianism

9. Song Pre-Industrial Era
Specialized Production
Government monopolies
Private business
Guilds
Silk, porcelain, iron, etc.
Expanding trade markets
Internal expansion caused by population growth
Grand Canal, paper money, etc.
External expansion caused by naval technology
Compass, junks, etc.

10. Iron Smelting in Song Dynasty
Yuan dynasty waterwheel and blast furnace
Song dynasty iron smelting process

11. Tang-Song Accomplishments
Gunpowder
New porcelain techniques
Translucent porcelain
Invention of the moveable type printing press in 1045 CE
Introduction of paper money, called flying money was introduced
Metal was scarce in China

12. Footbinding First evidence of this practice shows up in about 950 CE
Not sure why this practice began
Widely practiced among both the rich and poor of China
Essentially made women subordinate to their husbands

13. Lotus Shoe

14. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) Yuan Dynasty came to an end in 1368
Attempt to eliminate Mongol cultural influence
Ming Government
Reestablished Confucian bureaucracy (again)
Moved capital to Beijing
Built the Forbidden City
Expanded into Central Asia and Manchuria

15. Forbidden City

16. Ming Economy New American crops expanded agriculture
Sweet potato, maize, peanuts
Led to rapid population growth
Went from 100 million in 1500 to 225 million by 1750
Population growth aided manufacturing by keeping wages low
Limited need for labor saving devices
Launched expeditions into the Indian Ocean
Zheng He voyages
Limited trade with Europeans to Macao & Canton
“the Silver Sink”

17. Zheng He vs. Columbus

19. Ming Society Strengthened traditional Chinese values Filial piety
Extended family system
Emphasized loyalty to family
Females remained subordinate
Footbinding continued
Female infanticide was not uncommon
Widows were discouraged from remarrying & widow suicide was often encouraged
Confucian-based social hierarchy

20. Ming Culture Promoted Neo-Confucianism Emphasized Chinese tradition
Literature
Monkey, the Water Margin, etc.
Pottery
the Great Wall