1. Law of definite and multiple proportions
What is an empirical formula

2. Law of definite proportions
What does the law of definite proportions say?
No matter the volume, every given compound will have equal percentages of the elements involved.
This doesn’t change if the compound is found in nature or made in a lab.
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3. Law of definite proportions
What percent is sodium in sodium chloride by mass?
Sodium is AMU
Chlorine is AMU
Total mass is
22.989/ x 100= %
What happens if you have x 1023 molecules?
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4. Law of multiple proportions
What is the law of multiple proportions?
If 2 elements combine to form different compounds, the percentages will be different, but will represent whole number ratios of the elements involved.
If you have carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, you have carbon and oxygen, but they are together in different ratios.
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5. Law of multiple proportions
What would the formulas be if there were two compounds with the following percentages?
One has 42.85% carbon and 57.15% oxygen while the second has 27.27% carbon and 72.73% oxygen.
% to mass
Mass to moles
Divide by small
Multiply ‘til whole