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The Macromolecules of Life!

Published byJanice Johns Modified over 5 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "The Macromolecules of Life!"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Macromolecules of Life!
BIOMOLECULES!!! The Macromolecules of Life!

2 CARBOHYDRATES Sugars

3 Building Blocks Monosaccharides (simple sugars)

4 Major Elements (Atoms)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (Ratio 1:2:1)

5 (Complex Carbohydrates)
Structure Monosaccharide (Glucose): Disaccharide (Sucrose): Polysaccharide (Starch): (Complex Carbohydrates)

6 Cellular Function Energy Supply Molecule Structural support
plants store sun’s energy in the form of carbohydrates (photosynthesis) organisms break down carbs for energy in cells (cellular respiration) Structural support Cellulose (plants) Chitin (animals/fungi) Cell Recognition Carbs on the cell membrane recognize good and bad cells

7 Fats / Steroids / Oils / Waxes / Phospholipids

8 (long chains of Carbon and Hydrogen)
Building Blocks Fatty Acids (long chains of Carbon and Hydrogen)

9 Major Elements (Atoms)
Carbon, Hydrogen & some Oxygen

10 Structure Saturated Fatty Acid: Unsaturated Fatty Acid:
Only single bonds Unsaturated Fatty Acid: Double bonds

11 Cellular Function Energy Storage Molecule Provides Insulation
Lipids can be broken down for energy Provides Insulation Forms protective coatings Waxes (plant surfaces/duck feathers) Forms membranes around cells

12 Enzymes / Tissues / Organs
PROTEINS Enzymes / Tissues / Organs

13 (linked by peptide bonds)
Building Blocks Amino Acids (linked by peptide bonds)

14 Major Elements (Atoms)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

15 Amino Acid chains fold together to form large complex proteins
Structure Amino Acid chains fold together to form large complex proteins

16 Cellular Function Structure for tissues and organs Serve as enzymes
change the rate of chemical reactions important for reactions at the cellular level Carry out cell metabolism Form muscles, hair, nails, horns, hooves, etc!!!

17 NUCLEIC ACIDS DNA and RNA

18 (Phosphate group, Sugar, Nitrogen base)
Building Blocks Nucleotides (Phosphate group, Sugar, Nitrogen base)

19 Major Elements (Atoms)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

20 Structure

21 Cellular Function Stores all genetic information DNA RNA ATP =
contains instructions for making enzymes and proteins RNA decodes the instructions in the DNA ATP = Nucleotide energy molecule of cells

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