1. The Gift of Nile

2. Vocabulary Words predict inundation deity afterlife mummy cataract
nation-state
dynasty

3. Predict

4. Predict: To tell ahead of time what will happen.

5. Inundation

6. Inundation; Annual flooding of the Nile River.

7. Deity

8. Deity: god

9. Afterlife

10. Afterlife: A life after death

11. Mummy

12. Mummy: A preserved body

13. Cataract

14. Cataract; Waterfall
Cataract: Waterfall

15. Nation- State

16. Nation-state: A region with a united group of people and a single government.

17. Dynasty

18. Dynasty; A series of rulers who belong to the same family.

19. Egypt Egypt is located in North Eastern Africa.
Most of Egypt is covered with dry, windswept desert.
Egypt has the world’s longest river; The Nile

20. The Importance of the Nile
People built farming settlements on the delta.
This place was called Kemet which means Black Land, because of the rich dark soil found among the banks of the Nile.

21. The Importance of the Nile
The Nile River flooded at the same time every year.
It deposits rich black soil (Kemet) on the banks.
Farmers were able to raise a huge supply of food on the fertile soil.

22. The Importance of the Nile
The Nile River also provided water.
Egyptians built canals to carry water to their fields.
They build dams to store water for later use.

23. The Importance of the Nile
The Nile was also used for transportation.
Ancient Egyptians built boats to use the Nile as a ‘highway’.
The Nile connected many groups living along the Nile River.

24. The Importance of the Nile
Transportation
Farming/Food
Trade
Security
Water

25. When the river did not flood at all, crops dried out and people went hungry or starved.

26. A Source of New Ideas
Without the Nile River, people in Egypt would not have been able to survive.
When the Nile River flooded wildly it washed away crops, killed livestock and drowned people.

27. A Source of New Ideas
Ancient Egyptians found a way to predict the flooding of the Nile River.
By studying the skies, they developed a calendar with 365 days.

28. Ancient Egyptian Calendar
The calendar divided the year into three seasons.
The season was based on the flooding and their importance to agriculture
Inundation
Emergence
Harvest

29. The flooding of the Nile
Inundation
Land receives Kemet
Start of the year
The flooding of the Nile

30. Farmers plowed and seeded the soil
Emergence
Growing Season
Farmers plowed and seeded the soil

31. Harvest
Crops were ready

33. What ways was the Nile River important to ancient Egyptians
What ways was the Nile River important to ancient Egyptians? What happened when the Nile flooded wildly? How many seasons did the ancient Egyptian calendar have? Explain the seasons and what happened?

34. A Source of Religion
Ancient Egyptians believed in several deities(polytheism)
Each deity had a different responsibility.

35. A Source of Religion
Ancient Egyptians used stories about the deities to explain why acts of nature (flooding, drought) took place.

36. Re (Ray)/Ra (Rah) Most important ancient Egyptian deity.
Egyptians believed he was born each day and died each night.
They used Ra to explain
why the sun comes up in
the morning and goes
down at night.

37. Worshipped by the people in Memphis
Ptah
god of the arts
Worshipped by the people in Memphis

38. Thoth
god of wisdom and writing
Worshipped by the people of Hermopolis

39. Worshipped by the people of Thebes
Amon
Worshipped by the people of Thebes
Sun god

40. Chief deity of all ancient Egyptians
Amon- Re
Chief deity of all ancient Egyptians

41. Afterlife The ancient Egyptians believed in life after death.
They took great care to preserve their bodies believing they would need it for the second life.

42. Rubbed the dried body with special oils
Heart was left in the body.
Removed internal organs except the heart
Covered the body with salt, to dry it and prevent decay.
Wrapped the body in a linen cloth

43. What other ancient civilization believed in several gods and what is the practice called?
How did ancient Egyptians explain the rising and setting of the sun?
How did ancient Egyptians explain events in nature?

44. It is not really known who united Upper and Lower Egypt, some historians believe it is King Menes, and others believe it is King Narmer.

45. A Source of Unity
Stories say King Menes of Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt.
He united the two kingdoms and formed the world’s first nation state.

46. A Source of Unity
Some experts believe that King Narmer brought the two regions together.
They believe that because of the pictures showing him wear the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt.

47. A Source of Unity
Experts believe that King Narmer began the first Egyptian dynasty.

48. What is the significance of King Narmer wearing the double crown?
How do stories explain that King Menes unified the two regions?
Who is believed to have started the first Egyptian dynasty?