1. Implementation of the WFD on Coastal and Transitional Waters French work on Typology
Contact persons:
- F. Bruchon- Seine Normandy Water Agency
- Y. Auffret - Ministry of Environment
Main scientific contributors:
- P. Lazure & B.Beliaeff - French Institute for Sea Research (Ifremer)

2. Organisation
A specific working group for C&T waters created in july 2001
Selection of System B
Pertinence and data accessibility for each factor
Methodology
- Testing factors - which are most pertinent for French T&CW ?
- Defining ecologically relevant limits
- TW / CW
- water body types
3 steps approach
1. Methody Def° on a pilot case: Seine Normandy
2. Applicability test on Mediterranea
3. Methody finaliz° + global scale application

3. State of data availability

4. Typology Factors Obligatory factors
latitude, longitude, salinity, tidal range
Optional factors
Hydrodynamic factors : renewal of waters
mixing capacity
transport
Morphological factors
size of tidal zone, average depth
substrate composition
Work hypothesis
coherence in scale with water management units (10-50 km)

5. SALINITY - Distinction of TW & CW
TW = partially saline waters, influenced by freshwater inputs
Limit : a mean annual salinity value: 25‰
Result : TW restricted to estuaries
Variation of number of species along salinity gradient
(Remane et Schliefer 58)
Ex. interannual salinity variation in the vicinity of Loire estuary

6. CW & TW

7. SALINITY:Influence of large estuaries
Extension of freshwater inputs :
use of a dessalination level (e.g. - 2‰)
Cugier & Le Hir 2001
Seine
Loire + Gironde

8. Influence zone of the Seine estuary

9. TIDAL RANGE Very contrasted along French coasts : 0.5m-11m
No direct correspondance between tidal range and currents
No discrimination of water renewal characteristics
Proposition :Define 3 classes
0-1m ( Mediterranea,DOM)
1-4m ( Atlantic)
4-11m ( English Channel)
Tidal range
 strenghten ecoregion definition by latitude and longitude
 used further into hydrodynamic factors (importance of tidal currents) and morphological factors (size of tidal zone)

10. Renewal of waters - Vertical mixing
Vertical mixing is induced by turbulence
Turbulence is generated at the surface and on the bottom
Bottom turbulence intensity generally depends upon the speed of tidal currents

11. Renewal of waters - Vertical mixing
Stratification factor H/U3 (Simpson et Hunter 74)

12. Mixing

13. Renewal of waters -Residual currents
Residual currents :1-10 cm/s ( ~1-10 km/d)
Salomon, Breton 1991

14. Renewal of waters -Residual currents
4 zones :
Mt St Michel-Carteret (medium c.)
Carteret-Pointe de Barfleur (strong c.)
Pointe de Barfleur-Grandcamp (strong c. + loop)
Grandcamp-Tréport (medium c.)

15. Residual current

16. Bottom characteristics
Average depth or surface of the tidal zone
defines similar types on English Channel coast
depth more relevant for Mediterranea
Nature of superficial sediments

17. Mean depth

18. RESULT
4 factors :
salinity
mixing
mean depth

19. 10 water bodies : 9 CW + 1 TW

20. Types of water bodies