1. Warm Up
What’s the difference between yellow journalism and muckrakers?
Muckrakers- Journalists that wrote reports based on research about corruption and injustices. (Investigative Journalism)
Yellow Journalism- journalism that presents little to no well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines.
Lets practice identifying the difference…

2. 1. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
Why?

3. 2. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
A 2004 American documentary film directed by and starring Morgan Spurlock. The film follows a 30-day period during which he ate only McDonald's food. The film documents this lifestyle's drastic effect on Spurlock's physical and psychological well-being, and explores the fast food industry's corporate influence, including how it encourages poor nutrition for its own profit.

4. 3. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (1890) was an early publication of photojournalism by Jacob Riis, documenting squalid living conditions in New York City slums in the 1880s. It served as a basis for future "muckraking" journalism by exposing the slums to New York City’s upper and middle classes.

5. 4. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
Why?

6. 5. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
Why?
Silent Spring is an environmental science book written by Rachel Carson on September 27, The book documented the detrimental effects on the environment—particularly on birds—of the indiscriminate use of pesticides. Carson accused the chemical industry of spreading disinformation and public officials of accepting industry claims unquestioningly.

7. 6. Muckraker’s work or Yellow?
Why?
$50,000 in 1898, because of inflation, is the equivalent of $1,388, now in 2014!

8. Day 1: The Environment, Muckraking, Prohibition, and Child Labor
Progressive Era
Day 1: The Environment, Muckraking, Prohibition, and Child Labor

9. Progressive Era ( )
This era can be seen as a reaction to the industrial Gilded Age. The “Progressives” were people who tried to reform society. Their goal was to restore economic opportunities, correct social injustices and reform the government at the local, state, and national level. The Progressive Era brought long lasting changes and was spearheaded by reform leaders that were determined to bring about positive changes to American society.

10. Gilded Age and Industrial Boom
Economic Characteristics
Growth of Industry
Big Business
Poor working conditions
Political Characteristics
Increased Political Corruption
Boss Tweed & Political Machines
Patronage/spoils system
Social Characteristics
Crowded cities
Poor living conditions
Bad treatment of immigrants and minorities
Progressive Era
Reforms/reactions to the problems of the Gilded Age.

11. Reforms/reactions to the problems of the Gilded Age.
Progressive Era
Reforms/reactions to the problems of the Gilded Age.
Economic Characteristics
Anti-Trust Laws
Lower Tariffs
Banking reform
Federal Income Tax
Interstate Commerce Commission
Improving efficiency
Laws Protecting workers
Political Characteristics
People received greater say in how the government is operated
Emergence of Third Parties
Decline of political machines
Civil Service Reform
Decline in corruption and government waste
Women’s suffrage
Populism
Social Characteristics
Muckrakers
Laws Protecting workers
Social Work/Helping the Poor
Child Labor Laws
Beginning of the Civil Rights Movement
Increased Immigration
Increased Nativism
Prohibition
Conservation Movement

12. Social Reforms and Changes Environment
Conservation Movements:
John Muir helped persuade Theodore Roosevelt to set aside 148 million acres of forest reserves and over 50 wildlife sanctuaries and several national parks. The National Park Service is a U.S. federal agency that manages all national monuments and parks.

13. Discussion Question
What is the difference between Conservation and Preservation?
Use your phone! Google this:
Search “What’s the difference between Conservation and Preservation?”
Then click on second link (It’s the National Park service one)
Scroll down to the “Background” section and read the 1st paragraph.

14. Social Reforms and Changes Muckraking
Muckrakers – Journalist who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life in mass circulation magazines in the early 20th century. (published truthful reports involving social issues)

15. Social Reforms and Changes Muckraking
A famous Muckraker:
Upton Sinclair – author; wrote The Jungle which exposed the conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry in stockyards, causing a public uproar and leading to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act

16. Social Reforms and Changes Muckraking
Pure Food and Drug Act – the legal act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes

17. Discussion Question
How did the “muckrakers” like Upton Sinclair help the reform movements?

18. Social Reforms and Changes Prohibition
Prohibition - is the legal act (18th Amendment) of prohibiting or outlawing the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcohol and alcoholic beverages.

19. Social Reforms and Changes Prohibition
What was the cause? – The belief that alcohol was leading to the decline of society, alcohol was blamed for many of society's ills, among them severe health problems, poverty, and crime.
Women’s Christian Temperance Union was a big supporter of prohibition.
How did they get the government to pass the 18th?
Lobbying – the act of persuading legislators to vote for legislation (laws) that favors an advocacy group

20. Social Reforms and Changes Prohibition
18th Amendment – Made consuming alcoholic beverages illegal.
What were the effects of Prohibition? We will see what happens when we get to the 1920’s.

21. Discussion Question
Is there any connection between prohibition and with a substance that is illegal today?
What are the similarities?
What are the differences?

22. Social Reforms and Changes Child Labor
Child Labor Issues:
Accidents caused by fatigue
Health problems
Stunted growth
Long hours
Low pay
Child Labor Groups: Worked to protect children and to end child Labor

23. Discussion Question
If child labor ended, what public institution became an important role in the development of children?

24. Critical Writing Question for Day 1
The meat would be shoveled into carts, and the man who did the shoveling would not trouble to lift out a rat even when he saw one—there were things that went into the sausage in comparison with which a poisoned rat was a tidbit. There was no place for the men to wash their hands before they ate their dinner, and so they made a practice of washing them in the water that was to be ladled into the sausage. There were the butt-ends of smoked meat, and the scraps of corned beef, and all the odds and ends of the waste of the plants, that would be dumped into old barrels in the cellar and left there. Under the system of rigid economy which the packers enforced, there were some jobs that it only paid to do once in a long time, and among these was the cleaning out of the waste barrels. Every spring they did it; and in the barrels would be dirt and rust and old nails and stale water—and cartload after cartload of it would be taken up and dumped into the hoppers with fresh meat, and sent out to the public’s breakfast. — Upton Sinclair, The Jungle, 1906
Day 1: After reading the excerpt from “The Jungle”, what kind of reaction do you think the American people had after reading it? What was a major effect of “The Jungle”? (Read back over your notes if you need hints)