1. The World Between the Wars
Chapters 27 & 28
The World Between the Wars

2. The Mexican Revolution
Mexican Dictator Porfirio Diaz resigns in 1911 after nearly 30 years in power.
Revolution rages for 6 years as Francisco “Pancho” Villa, Emiliano Zapata, Victoriano Huerta, and Venustiano Carranza fight for power.
United States sends troops to Mexico to end Revolution.
Carranza becomes President in 1917.

3. Africa and the Middle East
Pan-Africanism spreads – resistance to colonial rule
“Africa for Africans”
Egypt gains independence in 1922
Turkey and Persia modernize
Palestine becomes a growing problem
Zionism, and the Balfour Declaration

4. India Seeks Self Rule Strict British Rule of India
Amritsar Massacre
Mohandas Gandhi and civil disobedience
Preaches nonviolent forms of protest
Gandhi leads the Salt March
India gains independence after WWII

5. China & Japan Chinese Civil War - Nationalist fight against Communists
Chaing Kai-Shek and Mao Zedong
Nationalists force Communists out on the Long March
Japan grows economically in WWI
Nationalism leads to aggression
Japan invades Manchuria & Withdrawals from the League of Nations
Japan signs alliance with Germany and Italy – Tripartite Pact (Axis Powers)

6. Postwar Social Changes
The Roaring Twenties – Superficial Prosperity
Roles of women change – women liberated (flapper)
New Literary Movement Emerges – Modernism
Harlem Renaissance
New Scientific Theories – Freud’s psychoanalysis, and Einstein’s Theory of Relativity and E=MC^2

7. Western Democracies Stumble
U.S. adopts policy of Isolationism
Red Scare
39 Nations sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact renouncing war
Similar to League of Nations, there was no way to enforce policies
France builds the Maginot Line to protect against Germany
Great Depression begins in 1929
Depression has Global Effects
France and Britain hit hard
Great Depression leads many to seek Socialism and lose faith in Democracy

8. Fascism in Italy “Believe, Obey, Fight”
King Victor Emmanuel III names Benito Mussolini Prime Minister in 1922
Mussolini creates a Fascist government
What is Fascism?
Strong, Centralized Government
The state is more important than the individual
Extreme loyalty to the state
Basic denial of human rights
Mussolini takes control of economy, preserves capitalism
A Totalitarian State is formed, similar to Hitler and Stalin

9. Soviet Union Under Stalin
Stalin builds Totalitarian State
5-year plans to build industry
Collectivization of Farms – Stalin targets Kulaks, and forces many into Gulags
Stalin’s Terror Tactics
The Great Purge
Stalin pushes propaganda and adopts atheism
Soviet Union becomes major industrial and Military power

10. Hitler and the Rise of the Nazis
The Weimar Republic ( )
Great Depression leads to Collapse of Democracy
Hitler appointed Chancellor in 1933 and forms the Third Reich
Hitler forms a Totalitarian State
Gestapo – Secret Police
Hitler’s campaign against the Jews
Nuremburg Laws & Kristallnacht