1. By: Hunter H and Kaitlyn G Core 2
Fashion and Hygiene
By: Hunter H and Kaitlyn G
Core 2

2. Fashion in the Middle Ages

3. There are all kinds of nomadic people who the Romans had called barbarians-Goth, Hunt, Vandals, Franks, and others

4. Brighter colors, better materials and longer jacket length.
Most people wore wool clothing with undergarments made of Linen.

5. The clothing of the aristocracy and wealthy merchants tended to be elaborate and changed according to the dictates of fashion.

6. Undergarments of the middle ages

7. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, men of the wealthy classes sported hose and a jacket, often with pleating or skirting, or a tunic with a surcoat

8. Women wore flowing gowns and elaborate headwear, ranging from headdresses shaped like hearts or butterflies to tall steeple caps and Italian turbans.

9. Hygiene in the Middle Ages

10. The terrible outbreak of the Black Death made Medieval people look for a link between health and hygiene.
Before people entered the Great Hall for meals they washed their hands

11. Dental
During the Middle Ages people did pay attention to dental hygiene
There were no false teeth, or dentures and women especially would have been very concerned about losing their teeth.

12. Personal Hygiene
During the Middle Ages the crusaders brought soap back from the far East to Europe.
People generally washed in cold water unless they were wealthy when hot water would be provided for bathing purposes.

13. Personal Hygiene
Bathing was usually conducted in wooden barrels but simply designed bathrooms were added in Medieval Castle interiors for the wealthy nobles and lords.
. As cleanliness and hygiene improved during the Middle Ages lavers were introduced which were stone basins used for washing and provided at the entrances of castle dining halls.

14. Threat to Middle Ages Hygiene - Waste Disposal
Following the devastating outbreak of the Black Death in England ( ) a link appears to have been made between health and hygiene.
In 1388 the English parliament issued the following statute in an effort to clean up England and improve Middle Ages Hygiene:

15. Waste Disposal
"Item, that so much dung and filth of the garbage and entrails be cast and put into ditches, rivers, and other waters... so that the air there is grown greatly corrupt and infected, and many maladies and other intolerable diseases do daily happen... it is accorded and assented, that the proclamation be made as well in the city of London, as in other cities, boroughs, and towns through the realm of England, where it shall be needful that all they who do cast and lay all such annoyances, dung, garbage, entrails, and other ordure, in ditches, rivers, waters, and other places aforesaid, shall cause them utterly to be removed, avoided, and carried away, every one upon pain to lose and forfeit to our Lord the King the sum of 20 pounds..."

16. By the time the epidemic played itself out three years later, anywhere between 25% and 50% of Europe's population had fallen victim to the pestilence."

17. The Black Death came in three forms, the bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic. Each different form of plague killed people in a vicious way. All forms were caused by a bacterium called Yersinia pestis.

18. The pneumonic plague was the second most commonly seen form of the Black Death. The pneumonic and the septicemic plague were probably seen less then the bubonic plague because the victims often died before they could reach other places (this was caused by the inefficiency of transportation). The mortality rate for the pneumonic plague was 90-95% (if treated today the mortality rate would be 5-10%). The pneumonic plague infected the lungs. Symptoms included slimy sputum tinted with blood. Sputum is saliva mixed with mucus exerted from the respiratory system. As the disease progressed, the sputum became free flowing and bright red. Symptoms took 1-7 days to appear.

19. The bubonic plague was the most commonly seen form of the Black Death
The bubonic plague was the most commonly seen form of the Black Death. The mortality rate was 30-75%. The symptoms were enlarged and inflamed lymph nodes (around arm pits, neck and groin). The term 'bubonic' refers to the characteristic bubo or enlarged lymphatic gland. Victims were subject to headaches, nausea, aching joints, fever of degrees, vomiting, and a general feeling of illness. Symptoms took from 1-7 days to appear.

20. Review Questions What was the Black Death?
Why were people concerned about losing their teeth?
What were the 3 forms of Black Death?
What years did Black Death outbreak?

21. Answers Deadliest pandemics in human history No dental care
Bubonic, pneumonic, septicemic