1. The girl saw her mother sitting in the garden
The girl saw her mother sitting in the garden. puella matrem in horto sedentem vidit.

2. The boy hurried through the house, looking for books
The boy hurried through the house, looking for books. puer per villam contendit, libros quaerens.

3. The student praised by the teacher, smiled
The student praised by the teacher, smiled. The student, having been praised by the teacher, smiled. discipulus, a magistro laudatus, risit.

4. The architect ,sent by the master, built the baths
The architect ,sent by the master, built the baths. The architect, having been sent by the master, built the baths. architectus, a domino missus, thermas extruxit.

5. Participles (review) What are the participles?
They are part verb and part adjective.
They are made from the verb and declined as an adjective
They need to agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case.

6. Present active participle
1st laudo, laudāre, laudavi
laudā- re + ns = laudāns NOM.
+ntis= laudăntis GEN.
2nd moneo, monēre, monui
monē-re + ns = monens NOM.
+ntis = monentis GEN.

7. 3rd scribo, scriběre, scribi
scribe-re + ns = scribens NOM.
+ntis = scribentis GEN.
3rd io cupio, cupěre, cupi
cup-ere + iens = cupiens NOM.
+ ientis = cupientis GEN.
4th dormio, dormīre, dormivi
dormi-re + ens = dormiens NOM.
+ entis = dormientis GEN.

8. Perfect passive participles
pres. infinitive perfect ppp*
1st laudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatus
2nd moneo, monere, monui, monitus
3rd scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptus
3rd-io cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitus
4th dormio, dormire, dormivi, dormitus
* Perfect passive participle

9. We decline PPP according to 1st and 2nd declension
2nd st nd
M F N
laudatus, laudata, laudatum praised
monitus, monita, monitum warned
scriptus, scripta, scriptum written
cupitus, cupita, cupitum wished
dormitus, dormita, dormitum slept

10. Let us compare present active participles and perfect passive participles
PAP : A) The action is happening at the same time
as another action in the sentence.
The girl saw her mother sitting in the garden.
B) these participles are active
The mother is doing the “sitting.”
PPP: A) indicate an action which happened before another
The student, having being praised by the teacher,
smiled.
B) these participles are passive
the student is receiving the “praising”

11. Translate the following examples
Plotina iuvenes Helenam spectantes vituperabat.
pueri felem currentem ceperunt.
coquus cenam parans cantat.

12. Translate the following examples
templa , a fabris peritis aedificata, erant splendida.
uxor, a marito vexata, e villa discessit.
frater, a sorore excitatus, iratissimus erat.
frater,-tris, m. brother
soror, -oris, f. sister
excito, excitare, excitavi, excitatus to awake