1. 12.3 Modeling Mendel’s Laws
I. Using Punnett Squares
A. Punnett squares
1. A model that predicts the likely outcomes of a genetic cross
2. Shows all the possible genotypes that could result from a given cross
B. Monohybrid Cross
1. Uses only one set of traits.
2. Only four squares big

3. II. Using Probability
A. Probability is the likelihood that a specific event will occur
1. prob. = # of 1 kind of possible outcome total number of all outcomes
2. ex. – a coin landing on heads is 1 of 2.
III. Using a Pedigree
A. A pedigree is a family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations.
B. Genetic disorder

4. 1. a disease or disorder that can be inherited
C. Parents can see the likelihood of their children inheriting a genetic disease with the use of a pedigree
D. Sex-linked gene
1. located on either an X or Y chromosome
a. more likely located on the X
b. affects males more than females
2. colorblindness is an example of a sex linked trait