1. CHAPTER FIVE HUMAN ELECTIVE LAND USE CHANGE

2. The greatest changes visible in Dublin are in the areas of industrial, residential and commercial land use. Throughout history different areas became associated with one/two or more functions…but….times change and so do the uses of each area.

5. Rundown slum tenement housing has been redeveloped and renewed. Example: Smithfield Suburban villages now are new towns… Example: Tallaght and Lucan Run down areas along the quays were rebuilt with blocks, offices, hotels. Example: Gasworks in Ringsend Old dockyards near Custom House Quay….now IFSC Jervis Street Shopping Centre………used to be a hospital Stephens Green Shopping Centre……used to be a flea market Loss of greenbelts to urban sprawl…..

10. La Defense…from old factories and ports to new commercial and residential areas. Parc de la Vilette…from a large abbatoir to a new science park.

11. 1990s inner city Dublin… High unemployment Derelict land and buildings Rundown buildings Closed businesses Crime

12. Smithfield & Historic Area Rejuvenation Project (HARP) The aim of the Historic Area Rejuvenation Project (HARP) is to enhance the quality of life for residents, business and visitors around the Smithfield and Henry Street areas of Dublin. This project was started in 1996.

13. Objectives of HARP To create a better quality of life for all residents and workers in the area To create business and residential areas To increase investment in housing and businesses To create a mixture of house ownership To improve the image of the area and attract new investment To create recreational spaces for all

14. Results of HARP so far…. Special tax-incentive scheme has attracted many commercial, residential and mixed-use developments. Revitalised community spirit among all residents.

17. The price of land in a city is based on how much money can be earned from that site. Bid Rent The price people are prepared to pay for a site is called Bid Rent.

18. Land values increase towards the city centre because the demand is greater. ……..Grafton Street has consolidated its status as one of the most expensive streets on the planet. This week, global property consultancy Collier's International reported it as the sixth dearest for commercial rents -- putting it ahead of such notoriously pricey cities as Hong Kong and Tokyo. And despite a downturn in the economy, rents are set to increase even further. It was reported earlier this year that Bewley's Café is facing a rent rise of 93pc from 750,000 to almost 1,475,000 a year, while McDonald's is facing a staggered increase of 120pc -- from 520,000 to more than 1.1 million.

19. Strata = layers….. Layers of society or grouping of people People of the same education or economic background tend to live in the same part of the city.