1. Introduction to Probability
Basic ideas and concepts

2. What is Probability?
For a random phenomenon, individual outcomes are not certain but there is a regular distribution of outcomes in the long run.
The probability of an outcome is its long-term relative frequency.

3. What are the possible outcomes?
We want to make a list of possible outcomes, then find the probability for each outcome.
The sample space is the set of all possible outcomes.
Events are specific outcomes or a set of outcomes in the sample space.

4. Useful facts about probability
The probability of an event cannot be less than 0 or greater than 1.
All possible outcomes together must have probability 1.
The probability of an event occurring is 1 minus the probability that it does not occur.
If 2 events have no outcomes in common, the probability that one or the other occurs is the sum of their individual probabilities

5. Useful facts about probability
The events A and B are said to be independent if the occurrence of A does not affect the probability that B occurs, and vice versa.
Thus, for independent events A and B, P(AB) = P(A)·P(B)