1. Behaviors that regulate body temperature

2. Cool down Panting Sweating Hide in shade Water Gular fluttering
With wind chill

3. Evaporative mechanisms
Evaporation- Vaporization of water from a surface
Lose water from skin, mouth and nose
Panting
Sweating
Gular fluttering
Vibrations that cause air to move back and forward
Gular sack of birds

4. shade

5. Conduction Heat transferred between 2 objects in direct contact Water
Ice
Digging in sand/dirt
Laying spread out

6. Wind chill
Convection- heat is transferred through movement of air or water
Moves air away from body

7. Warm up Thermogenesis- increasing metabolic heat production Shivering
Rubbing hands
Hibernation
In sunlight
Huddling
Puff up feathers
Goosebumps
Curl up
Migration

8. Contract muscles Produce metabolic heat Involuntary or voluntary
Shivering
Rubbing hands

9. radiation
Transfer of heat from a warmer object to a cooler one by infrared radiation
Sunlight

10. Conduction Heat transferred between 2 objects by direct contact
Huddling

11. Insulation and resistance
Trap a layer of air next to skin
High body mass to surface ratio
Goosebumps
Puff up feathers

12. Curling up
Conserve heat
Cover nose, paws and ears

13. hibernation
Non-shivering thermogenesis- depends on specialized fat tissue (brown fat)
- Mitochondria with specialized protein that let them release energy from fuel molecules directly as heat

14. Migration
Change of environment

15. Sources
physiology/metabolism-and-thermoregulation/a/animal-temperature-regulation- strategies
world/2011/10/what%E2%80%99s-the-best-way-to-stay-warm-in-winter.aspx