1. Latin America and Europe
Revolutions Continue
Latin America and Europe

2. Nationalism What is nationalism? Did you watch the Olympic games?
Who did you root for/watch?
Why?
How is your loyalty to Americans in the Olympics a form of nationalism?
Nationalism: The belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation- that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history- rather than to a king or empire.

3. Latin America

4. Latin America
What are 3 things that may influence Latin Americans to want their independence?
What countries run Latin America?
How does the Enlightenment influence Latin American Revolutions? What are some Enlightenment ideas that would inspire people to revolt?

5. Latin America: A Class System
Peninsulares
Creoles
Mestizos
Mulattos
Africans
Indians

6. Latin America: A Class System
Peninsulares and Creoles: 22.9% of the population
Mulattos: 7.6%
Mestizos: 7.3%
Africans: 6.4%
Indians: 55.8%

7. Homework
Worksheet 7-3

8. Haiti Under French rule
Saint Domingue
1st to achieve independence
500,000 enslaved Africans worked on French plantations in Saint Domingue
Masters used brutal methods to terrorize slaves
French Revolution
100,000 enslaved Africans rise up in August of 1791
Toussaint L’Ouverture becomes the leader of the revolt

9. Toussaint L’Ouverture
Former slave
1801
Toussaint has control of island
Frees all enslaved Africans
January 1802
30,000 French troops come to remove Toussaint
Toussaint agrees to halt revolution if slavery is ended
Seized and sent to prison
Dies here in April 1803
Toussaint’s 2nd in command takes over and continues revolution
Gains independence on January 1, 1804
Names the country Haiti which means “mountainous lands”

10. Creoles Lead Independence
Who are the creoles?
Why would they revolt if they are not as oppressed as others?
Role of Napoleon and his brother Joseph

11. Jose de San Martin Argentinean- Where is Argentina?
Fought in Spain against Napoleon and returned to Latin America to fight for independence there
Argentina independent in 1816, but Spanish forces in Peru and Chile are still a threat
Why would these country’s threaten Argentina’s independence?
Joined with Simon de Bolivar to from an army that defeated the Spanish and helped gain Latin American countries their independence

12. Simon Bolivar Venezuela- Declares independence from Spain in 1811
After winning independence for Venezuela, moves on to fight for independence in other Latin American countries
Wanted to unite all of the Latin American countries into one- Gran Columbia
What South American country is named after him?

13. Influences on Revolutions…
From the United States
Thomas Jefferson and Ben Franklin
Wants a United States of South America
From Europe
John Locke
Thomas Paine
Voltaire
Baron de Montesquieu
Rousseau

14. Mexico
Indians and mestizos play the leading role in calling for freedom
Padre Miguel Hidalgo
Firmly believed in Enlightenment ideals
Calls for a fight for independence and his Indian and mestizo parishioners follow him.
Defeated by the army in 1811, but the seed is planted for revolution
Jose Maria Morelos takes over the revolution

15. Homework for tonight
Worksheet 7-4