1. Hormones & Reproduction
Endocrine System
Hormones & Reproduction

2. Sex & Growth Hormones Large scale body changes how do they work
_________________
start new processes in the body by turning genes on that were lying “dormant”

3. Pituitary gland hormones
Sex & reproductive hormones
____________
_____________________________
stimulates egg & sperm production
stimulates ovaries & testes
prepares uterus for fertilized egg
oxytocin
stimulates childbirth contractions
releases milk in nursing mothers
prolactin
milk production in nursing mothers
hormones
hormones

4. Reproductive hormones
________________
sperm production & secondary sexual characteristics
egg production, preparing uterus for fertilized egg & secondary sexual characteristics

5. Male reproductive system
Sperm production
over 100 million produced per day!
~2.5 million released per drop!

6. seminiferous tubule
sperm
spermatocytes

7. Male reproductive system
Testes & epididymis
sperm production & maturation
Glands
seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethal
produce seminal fluid
nutrient-rich

8. Male reproductive system
______________________
produces sperm & hormones
sac that holds testicles outside of body
where sperm mature
tubes for sperm to travel from testes to penis
Prostate, seminal vesicles, Cowper’s (bulbourethal) glands
nutrient rich fluid to feed & protect sperm

9. Female reproductive system

10. Female reproductive system
______________________
produces eggs & hormones
nurtures fetus; lining builds up each month
tubes for eggs to travel from ovaries to uterus
opening to uterus, dilates 10 cm for birthing baby
birth canal for birthing baby

11. Female reproductive system

12. Egg maturation in ovary
releases progesterone
maintains uterus lining
produces estrogen

13. Menstrual cycle Controlled by interaction of 4 hormones FSH & LH
estrogen
progesterone
FSH
ovulation = egg release
egg development
corpus luteum
estrogen
progesterone
lining of uterus
days 7 14 21 28

14. Female reproductive cycle
Feedback
Female reproductive cycle
egg matures &
is released (ovulation)
builds up uterus lining
estrogen
ovary
corpus luteum
progesterone
FSH & LH
fertilized egg (zygote)
maintains uterus lining
HCG
yes
pituitary gland
corpus luteum
pregnancy
GnRH no
progesterone
corpus luteum breaks down
progesterone drops
menstruation
maintains uterus lining
hypothalamus

15. Female hormones FSH & LH Estrogen Progesterone
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stimulates egg development & hormone release
peak release = release of egg (ovulation)
Estrogen
stimulates growth of lining of uterus
decreasing levels causes menstruation
Progesterone
cells that used to take care of developing egg
stimulates blood supply to lining of uterus

16. Fertilization

17. Placenta
Food & gases diffuse across blood vessels

18. Any Questions??