1. Describing Matter Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space
Unit 2.4

2. Element vs. Compound Element- a substance in which all atoms are alike
The periodic table has the complete list of elements.
Compound- substance in which the atoms of two or more different elements are combined in fixed proportions
Ex. H2O, CH4

3. Pure Substances
Pure Substance-cannot be broken down into simpler components and still maintain the properties it had originally
Either an element or a compound

4. Elements vs Compounds C Element S8 Element H2O Compound Si2 Element
All of the above are pure substances!

5. Describing Matter
Mixture- made up of two or more pure substances which can be separated by physical means
Homogenous- contains two or more pure substances blended evenly throughout
Heterogeneous- contains two or more pure substances that can be distinguished from each other
Homogenized Milk Heterogeneous (Non-Homogenized) Milk

6. Types of Homogeneous Mixtures
Miscible: describes a homogeneous mixture in which two or more liquids that can mix with each other
Ex. Orange-Pineapple juice
Solution- homogeneous mixture containing a solute (typically sugar or salt) dissolved in a solvent (typically water)
Ex. Gatorade
3 Types of Solutions
Unsaturated solution: a solution capable of dissolving more solute
Saturated solution: a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute
Supersaturated solution: a solution that has more solute dissolved in it than it can normally hold and the extra solute can easily crystallize or precipitate out
Video

7. Types of Heterogeneous Mixtures
Immiscible: describes a heterogeneous mixture in which two or more liquids that don’t mix with each other
Suspension: heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle out over time
Ex. dirty water, orange juice with pulp (that’s why you shake it)
Colloid: heterogeneous mixture with large particles that never settle
Ex. fog, smoke, ink, glue
A test you can run to see if it’s a colloid is to pass a beam of light through the mixture, if the light is visible, it is a colloid and this is called the Tyndall Effect

8. Tyndall Effect

9. Compare and contrast mixtures and compounds
How can you tell the difference between mixture and compound?
Mixture can be separated physically and keep its properties
Ex. Salt Water
Compound can only be separated chemically and does NOT keep its properties
Ex. Water (H2O), by separating the water, you get hydrogen and oxygen gas which are extremely flammable together