1. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)1 Man and Environment Asst. Dr. Nantana Gajaseni

2. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)2 What is environment? w Q. What is environment? w A. It depends! w Q. Depends on what? w A. Depends on "Environment of whom?"

3. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)3 w Q. How aboutenvironment of human? w A.Wait and see!

4. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)4 w Q. Who is "human"? w A. Wait until the next section! w Q. Is human a living object? w A. ?

5. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)5 The human animal

6. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)6 w Q 1. What is living object? w Q 2. What are differences between living and non-living objects?

7. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)7 w A. From biological perspective: Life = biosystems organized by interactions between biological components interacting with physical environments, and become a unified whole with capacity to maintain homeostasis and self-perpetuation

8. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)8 Sign of life w 1. Highly complex organization = all other characteristics of life emerge from an organism s complex organization

9. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)9 w 2. Self-homeostasis = Self-maintenance of a steady-state internal environment in the variations of external environment.

10. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)10 w 3. Self-perpetuation = Life comes only from life.

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13. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)13 w 4. Growth and development = the increment of volume and changes in structure and functions to suit with new form of life

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15. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)15 Insert larva picture

16. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)16 w 5. Interactions = Life needs energy and matter utilization for maintenance of life

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19. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)19 6. Adaptation = Life evolve as a result of the interaction between organisms and their environments

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21. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)21 w 7. Response = Life adjusts itself to the environment.

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25. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)25 w From biological perspective, these are biological spectrum w Biotic components

26. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)26 biotic component Cell Gene Org an Organi sm Populat ions Commu nities

27. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)27 Biotic components cannot survive in isolation. They must interact with physical or a biotic environments.

28. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)28 Generalized diagram of inputs, throughputs, and outputs in a system System Throughputs (flows) System Inputs System Outputs Information Energy Matter Information Energy Matter Useless information Waste heat Waste matter Useless information Waste heat Waste matter

29. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)29 Interaction between each biotic level with physical environment through energy, matter, and information produces characteristic functional system. "Biosystem" or "life"

30. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)30 Organizational hierarchy in nature can be seen from "universe" down to "subatomic particles".

31. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)31 solar system Milky way Galaxy Universe Solar system Earth

32. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)32 The natural world is organized, diverse, dynamic, and yet complex.

33. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)33 Q. How can life be seen in nature? A. A hierarchy of organization of matter.

34. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)34 Fig 3-6

35. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)35 Then, there is hierarchy of biosystems.

36. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)36 Q. What is the determinant of life? A. Environment by evolutionary processes.

37. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)37 Fig 20

38. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)38 w Q. How did life emerge on the Earth?

39. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)39 Fig 8-11 (21 )

40. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)40 Transparency 78 Fig 6-5 summary of the evolution of the earth and its life. Chemical evolution 1 billion years Biological evolution 3.7 billion years

41. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)41 Q. Is human a hierarchy of organization of matter?

42. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)42 Q. What is the difference of interaction between man and environment and interaction between other organisms and environment ?

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44. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)44 w A. Organisms adapt themselves to the environments. w While Human modify environments to suit themselves.

45. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)45 Human environment 2 groups

46. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)46 w 1. Natural environment: 4 spheres w 1.1 Biosphere = Space occupied by life w 1.2 Atmosphere = Space occupied by air w 1.3 Lithosphere = Space occupied by solid w 1.4 Hydrosphere = Space occupied by water

47. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)47 How do the 4 spheres really exist?

48. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)48 Atmosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere Ecosphere Biosphere

49. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)49 2. Man-made environment w 2.1 Anthropogenic ecosystems w 2.2 Physical structures

50. BBA Part1_1 (Gajaseni, 2001)50 What are the Functions of Natural Environment?