1. Chapter 10: The reproductive system Dr. Glotfelty
Medical Terminology
Chapter 10: The reproductive system
Dr. Glotfelty

2. Female Reproductive System

3. FEMALE REPRO COMBINING FORMS
amni/o: amniotic fluid
mamm/o: breast
cervic/o: cervix
mast/: breast
colp/o: vagina
men/o: menses
culd/o: uterus (culd-o-sac)
metr/o: uterus
embry/o: embryo
nat/o: birth
episi/o: vulva
oophor/o: ovary
fet/o: fetus
ovari/o: ovary
gynec/o: female
salping/o: tube
hymen/o: hymen
uter/o: uterus
hyster/o: uterus
vagin/o: vagina
lact/o: milk
vulv/o: vulva

4. FEMALE REPRO SUFFIXES –arche: beginning –gravida: pregnancy
–para: to bear offspring
–partum: childbirth
–salpinx: tube
–tocia: labor

5. Vocabulary Fraternal twins: two eggs, two sperm
Identical twins: one egg, one sperm
Infertility: inability to conceive children
Premenstrual Syndrome: symptoms appear just prior to menstrual period; irritability, headache, tender breasts, and anxiety
Puberty: reach age for ability to reproduce
Meconium: baby’s first bowel movement

6. Sign and Symptoms/Pathology
Candidiasis: vaginal yeast infection
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS): syndrome caused by tampons
spontaneous abortion: unplanned loss of pregnancy early in gestation; commonly called a miscarriage
Stillbirth: death of a fetus of viable age; occurs shortly before or at time of delivery

7. Abbreviations AB: abortion HPV: human papilloma virus
BSE: breast self exam
HRT: hormone replacement therapy
CS, C-section: Cesarean section
LMP: last menstrual period
Cx: cervix
OB: obstetics
D&C: dilation & curretage
PI, para I: first birth
EDC: estimated date of conception
PID: pelvic inflammatory disease
FHR: fetal heart rate
PMS
GI, grav I: first pregnancy
TAH-BSO: total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy
GYN, gyn: gynecology
HCG, hCG: pregnancy hormone
TSS

8. The Female Reproductive System
Purposes: produce ova, , place for fertilization, place for baby to grow, secretes sex hormones
Gynecology
Internal Organs
1 Uterus
2 ovaries
2 fallopian tubes
1 vagina
External Organs
Known as the “vulva”

9. Internal Genitalia Ovaries Fallopian Tubes Small almond shaped
Produce ova and female sex hormones (progesterone & estrogen)
Ovulation: ova pushed out of ovary
Fallopian Tubes
Uterine Tubes or oviducts
Approximately 5½ inches long
Around ovary to uterus
Fimbrae: finger like projections
Conception: when egg meets sperm

10. Internal Genitalia Uterus Vagina
Hollow, pear shaped with thick muscular walls
Cervix: neck of the uterus
Layers
Endometrium
Myometrium
Perimetrium
Menstruation: menstrual period
Menarche and Menopause
Vagina
Muscular tube from uterus to outside world
Allows for menstrual flow, receive male penis and birth canal
Hymen: thin membrane covering vaginal opening
Bartholins glands: secretes fluid that lubricates the vagina

11. Vulva General term referring to all female external genitalia
Labia – minora and majora: folds of skin for protection
Clitoris
Erectile tissue aroused
during sexual excitement
Perineum: area between
the anus and the vagina

12. Breast
Mammary glands
Lactation

13. Pregnancy
Period of time when fetus grows in mother (gestation) - 40 weeks
Before 36 weeks = premature
Embryo: conception to 8 wks
Fetus: 9 wks to delivery
Placenta: nourishes fetus
Umbilical cord
Amniotic Fluid
Obstetrics

14. Pregnancy Neonatology Labor: process of expelling fetus
Delivery: baby totally out of mother
Labor and Delivery
Dilation stage
Expulsion stage
Placental stage

15. Comparison of breast cancer (A) and fibrocystic disease (B).

16. Combining Forms Match Up
colp/o
episi/o
lact/o
nat/o
salping/o
vulva
uterine tubes
vagina
birth
milk

17. THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

18. MALE REPRODUCTIVE WORD PARTS
Andr/o: male
Spermat/o: sperm
Balan/o: glans penis
Varic/o: dilated
Crypt/o: hidden
Vas/o: vas deferens
Epididym/o: epididymis
Vesicul/o: vesicle
Genit/o: genitals
-cide: to kill
Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, testicul/o: testes
-spermia: condition of sperm
Pen/o: penis
Prostat/o: prostate

19. Vocabulary/Signs and Symptoms
Erectile Dysfunction: inability to get or maintain an erection
Sterility: inability to father a child
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH): enlargement of the prostate not due to cancer
Phimosis: narrowing of prepuce; constricts glans penis
Priapism: persistent and painful erection; caused by pathology, not sexual stimulation

20. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chancroid: highly infections non-syphilitic venereal ulcer (pic)
Chlamydia: bacterial genital infection in males & females
genital herpes: viral infection that appears like blisters
genital warts: warts on the genitalia of both males & females; caused by a virus
gonorrhea (GC):bacterial infection of mucous membranes of males & females
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): sexually transmitted virus that attacks immune system
sexually transmitted disease (STD): disease usually acquired as a result of sexual intercourse; formerly called venereal disease (VD)
Syphilis: chronic bacterial infection; attacks multiple organs including brain
Trichomoniasis: genitourinary infection caused by a protist in both males and females

21. Photograph showing a chancroid on the glans penis
Photograph showing a chancroid on the glans penis. (Joe Miller/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC])

22. Diagnostic Tests
prostate-specific antigen (PSA): blood test to screen for prostate cancer
semen analysis: part of fertility workup; analyzed for number, swimming strength, and shape
digital rectal exam (DRE): manual examination for enlarged prostate

23. Surgical Procedures Castration: removal of testes
Circumcision: removal of prepuce
Sterilization: process of rendering a male or female unable to conceive children
Vasectomy (pic): removal of a segment of vas deferens to prevent sperm from ejaculating
Vasovasostomy: reconnects ends of vas deferens to reverse a vasectomy

24. Figure A vasectomy.

25. Abbreviations BPH: Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
DRE: Digital Rectal Exam
ED: erectile dysfunction
GU: genitourinary
PSA: prostate specific antigen
STD: sexually transmitted disease
VD: venereal disease

26. The Male Reproductive System
Purposes: produce sperm and secrete sex hormones
Also called genitourinary system
External Organs
1 penis
2 testes
2 epididymis
Internal Organs
2 seminal vesicles
2 vas deferens
1 prostate
2 bulbourethral glands

27. External Organs Testes (testicles) Perineum Epididymis Oval shaped
Makes sperm (spermatogenesis)
Scrotum: sac holding testes and
epididymis
Perineum
area between scrotum and anus
Epididymis
Coiled tubule that lies on top of testicle
Sperm maturation and storage

28. External Organs Penis Male sex organ Erectile tissue Glans penis
Prepuce: foreskin
Circumcision: removal
Of foreskin
Ejaculation: expulsion
Of semen from penis
Urinary meatus

29. Internal Organs Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicles Prostate Gland
Tube from epididymis to the urethra
Seminal Vesicles
Located base of bladder
Secretes glucose-rich fluid to nourish sperm
Semen
Prostate Gland
Below bladder
Secretes alkaline fluid to neutralize pH of urethra and vagina
Bulbourethral Glands
Cowpers Glands
Produce mucuslike lubricating fluid

30. Sperm Download Comic

31. Quickest Cell Comic

32. Fertilization 101 Comic

33. Combining Forms Match Up
andr/o
balan/o
crypt/o
orch/o
spermat/o
testes
glans penis
sperm
male
hidden