1. Umuhimu wa Taaluma ya Maendeleo ya Jamii Katika Kuelekea Uchumi wa Kati 2025
Imewasilishwa na
Prof. Samuel Wangwe
Kongamano na Mkutano Mkuu wa Sekta ya Maendeleo ya Jamii : Wataalam wa Maendeleo ya jamii ni Chachu katika kufikia uchumi wa kati November 2018 Arusha.

2. Outline
Tanzania Development Vision and Position of Community Development
Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation
Conclusion and the way forward

3. Tanzania Development Vision and Position of Community Development
Middle income
High economic growth (8-10%) broadly shared
High level of human development
Agricultural transformation
Industrialization
Strong and competitive economy
Participation of communities in development

4. Tanzania Development Vision and Position of Community Development-2
A positive community spirit
balancing individual initiative and collective initiative of communities
inculcating a culture of sharing of ideas and facilities within communities and between communities
Community development as a way of pooling resources for the good of all.
The mobilization and effective utilization of domestic resources (natural, financial and human)

5. Tanzania Development Vision and Position of Community Development-3
The role of the State to permit communities to participate in the market in the context of national and global realities.
undertake investments in infrastructure development
The strategy of promoting democratic and popular participation should entail
empowering local governments and communities and
promoting broad-based grassroots participation in the mobilization of resources, knowledge and experience with a view to stimulating initiatives at all levels of society

6. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation
Nyerere saw the position of community development in the early post-independence period
true development is development of people by the people
Community development and recognition of own ability to identifying own obstacles to development
Using available resources to remove the obstacles and improve their quality of life.

7. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-2
The role of local communities in development is complementary to the role of the state and market.
Each component on its own is associated with failures (market failure, government failure and community failures) in coordinating development for socioeconomic transformation.
Communities play two major economic functions:
trust as social capital and
supplying local public goods.

8. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-3
Trust as social capital:
influenced by their structure of organization,
structure of production relations
strengthened by
instituting social sanctioning in the community based on a moral code in the community,
improved information sharing, and
by incorporating non-business personal elements in business transactions (e.g. mutual participation in weddings and funerals).

9. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-4
Trust increases efficiency and reduces costs by
removing barriers to market development
providing a mechanism for enforcing trade contracts and
reducing transaction costs in community activities.
The supply of local public goods
forms the basis of comparative advantage of community over markets (which supply private goods) and state (which supplies public goods at higher level national or global).
structure of demand for public goods can be determined with greater accuracy
identifying and preventing free-riders is likely to be more effective.

10. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-5
Community level institutions
are sufficiently flexible in adjusting to changing economic needs and
can therefore be a critical pillar in the process of socioeconomic transformation and can provide basis for modern and large scale organization
e.g lessons from community level cooperation in irrigation and forest conservation in Japan provided the basis for modern corporate management systems.

11. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-6
Labour intensive infrastructure investments can generate jobs and develop local capacity in the construction industry:
need an enabling regulatory framework,
need opportunities for training and skill building
policies to enhance local content sourcing, industrial upgrading, skill development, clustering and supply chain support facilities.
strategically planned secondary cities and transport corridors

12. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-7
Community linkage to large scale projects by supplying inputs
Establishing requirements of large projects
Building capacity to supply them
Demand CSR but use it to build capacity to supply

13. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-8
Community linkage to small scale industries- facilitating movement up the supply chain.
Many options of adding value:
productivity in agriculture,
high value crops,
grading,
packaging,
processing,
seeking lucrative markets.

14. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-9
Planning the Community level economy
In practice, much of the innovation is likely to be at the local level, since this the level with maximum interaction among people, enterprise and the government administration
Use of technology for production. Learning new techniques and exchanging experience and governance
Community level planning to transform the rural economy

15. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-10
Interpreting national development policies to local realities on the ground
Potentials in the economy, obstacles and how to harness potentials for development of the community economy
Economic empowerment for increasing production, employment and productivity for the majority

16. Position of Community Development in Economic Transformation-11
Participation in the planning and implementation
Participation: broad, meaningful and at all levels
O&OD approach and how widely it is being used in practice and follow up mechanisms to be instituted
Implementation and Monitoring and Evaluation.
M&E for feedbacks
Developing indicators (inputs, outputs and outcomes)
Coping and adaptations to changing conditions
Learning from experience (own and others)

17. Conclusion and way forward
Vision 2025 recognizes and defines the position of community development in realizing the vision
Ensure understanding of the national level policies and strategies with a view to interpreting and adapting them to community level conditions
Ensure good understanding of the regional, district and community level economy in order to plan for community level development
Plan and strategise for growth and development of the community level economy including employment and productivity increase
Identify obstacles and constraints and strategise to remove them to unleash growth and development

18. Conclusion and way forward-2
Promote and practice participation in planning and implementation based on O&OD
Develop human resources for planning development at the community level
M&E : develop indicators, institutionalise feedback and learning from experience

19. Conclusion and way forward-3
Two final appeals:
importance of capacity-building, multisectoral partnership working, the development of institutional capacity and the availability of social capital and the ability to exploit it.
Undertake further research to chart the roadmap for transformation of the rural economy based on community development.

20. Play your part it can be done