1. B-mode ultrasound measurement of the distance between the line indicated by Arrow 1 (lumen-intima interface) and the line marked by Arrow 2 (media-adventitia interface) provides a value for the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)
B-mode ultrasound measurement of the distance between the line indicated by Arrow 1 (lumen-intima interface) and the line marked by Arrow 2 (media-adventitia interface) provides a value for the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a well-validated measure of the progression of atherosclerosis. Increasing CIMT over time correlates with increasing atherosclerosis, whereas a decrease in CIMT is indicative of atherosclerotic regression
Kastelein JJ, de Groot E. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:849-58

2. Intravascular ultrasound image showing determination of atheroma cross-sectional area by subtracting the lumen cross-sectional area from the media-adventitia crosssectional area
Kastelein JJ, de Groot E. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:849-58

3. Angiographic vs. intravascular ultrasound images of coronary atherosclerosis
Angiographic vs. intravascular ultrasound images of coronary atherosclerosis. In the angiogram on the left sections A and B appear indistinguishable, whereas the IVUS images on the right show differing degrees of disease between sections A and B. While both A and B display a similar lumen diameter as a result of remodelling of the arterial wall, it is clear that a substantial crescent-shaped atheroma is present in panel B. This is undetectable in the angiogram on the left. Reproduced from Nissen and Yock
Kastelein JJ, de Groot E. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:849-58

4. Design schematic for the RADIANCE (top panel) and ILLUSTRATE (bottom panel) trials
Kastelein JJ, de Groot E. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:849-58