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O. Svoboda, A. Krása, A. Kugler, M. Majerle, J. Vrzalová, V. Wagner

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Presentation on theme: "O. Svoboda, A. Krása, A. Kugler, M. Majerle, J. Vrzalová, V. Wagner"— Presentation transcript:

1 O. Svoboda, A. Krása, A. Kugler, M. Majerle, J. Vrzalová, V. Wagner
Nuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Department of Nuclear Reactors, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague Cross-section Measurements of (n,xn) Threshold Reactions in Au, Bi, I, In, and Ta O. Svoboda, A. Krása, A. Kugler, M. Majerle, J. Vrzalová, V. Wagner ND

2 Outline Motivation for cross-section measurements
Requirements for cross-section measurements TSL Uppsala facility NPI Řež facility Evaluation and neutron background subtraction Results - Comparison with EXFOR and TALYS Conclusion Motivation s measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion

3 Motivation for s measurements – Energy plus Transmutation project
E+T (n,xn) reactions E+T results (n,xn) in EXFOR s measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion JINR Dubna, Russia

4 (n,xn) threshold reactions
Motivation E+T (n,xn) reactions E+T results (n,xn) in EXFOR s measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion Reaction E thresh [MeV] Half-life 197Au (n,2n) 196Au 8.1 6.183 d 197Au (n,3n) 195Au 14.8  186.1 d 197Au (n,4n) 194Au 23.2 38.02 h 197Au (n,5n) 193Au 30.2 17.65 h 197Au (n,6n) 192Au 38.9 4.94 h 197Au (n,7n) 191Au 45.7 3.18 h Al Au Bi Co In Ta

5 E+T results – (n,xn) cross-section fault??
Experiment MCNPX simulation Motivation E+T (n,xn) reactions E+T results (n,xn) in EXFOR s measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion (n,xn) cross-sections need to be verified…

6 Current status of (n,xn) reaction knowledge
Motivation E+T (n,xn) reactions E+T results (n,xn) in EXFOR s measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion

7 Requirements for s measurements
Requirements for using activation method of measurement: high energy neutron source with good intensity (quasi)monoenergetic neutrons with well known spectrum pure monoisotopic samples good spectroscopic equipment: shielded HPGe detectors knowledge about the corrections on beam fluctuation, self-absorption, non-point like emitters… Motivation s measurement requirements exp. history TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion Studied (mono)isotopic materials: In all irradiations: Al, Au, Bi, I, In, Ta In some irradiations: Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Y, Zn

8 Cross-section experiments history
Motivation s measurement requirements exp. history TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion 2007 – Proposal to EFNUDAT on (n,xn) measurements – accepted 5/2008 – pilot/testing measurements at NPI Řež – 25MeV 6/2008 – measurement at TSL Uppsala – 25, 50, and 97 MeV 8/2008 – measurements at NPI Řež – 20 MeV 4/2009 – measurements at NPI Řež – 32.5 MeV 5/2009 – measurement at NPI Řež – 37 MeV 2009 – proposal to last call of EFNUDAT on further experiments at Uppsala – accepted 2/ measurement at TSL Uppsala – 62, 70, 80, and 93 MeV Autumn/2010 – planned new measurements in Řež

9 TSL Uppsala Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation
location Blue hall neutron spectra irradiations NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion

10 TSL Blue hall Cyclotron 15 – 180 MeV Blue hall:
Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala location Blue hall neutron spectra irradiations NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion Cyclotron 15 – 180 MeV Blue hall: quasi-monoenergetic neutron source based on reaction 7Li(p,n)7Be

11 TSL neutron spectra Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala location Blue hall neutron spectra irradiations NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion Neutron spectra known for proton energies 25, 50 and 94 MeV Neutron spectra comparison

12 TSL Uppsala - irradiations
Proton beam energy [MeV] 25 50 97 7Li-target thickness [mm] 2 4 8.5 Proton beam current [mA] 5 Average energy of peak neutrons [MeV] 22 47 94 Fraction of neutrons in the peak [%] 39 41 Peak neutron flux density [105 cm-2 s-1] 6 13 14.5 Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala location Blue hall neutron spectra irradiations NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion

13 Cyclotron in NPI Řež Protons 18 – 37 MeV on 7Li target
High neutron intensities: 108 cm-2 s-1 Well equipped spectroscopic laboratory (NSD-NPI) Beam-line Li-target Graphite stopper Samples Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež cyclotron neutron spectra Evaluation Results Conclusion

14 Neutron spectra from p/Li source in NPI Řež
Neutron spectra known for 20, 25, 30, and 35 MeV – Y. Uwamino et al., NIM A389 (1997) 463 – similar construction of p/Li source Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež cyclotron neutron spectra Evaluation Results Conclusion Uncertainty in spectrum determination – 10%

15 Production in peak Talys1.0
Evaluation process HPGe Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation process corrections background 1 background 2 uncertainties Results Conclusion Irradiation Spectra evaluation NYield Corrections Cross-section Production in peak Talys1.0

16 Spectroscopic corrections
Non-point-like emitters Detector efficiency Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation process corrections background 1 background 2 uncertainties Results Conclusion Self-absorption Real g-g cascade coincidences Beam instability correction …

17 Background subtraction 1
TALYS 1.0 determination code provides complete and accurate calculation of the nuclear reactions in the energy range from 1 keV to 200 MeV Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation process corrections background 1 background 2 uncertainties Results Conclusion

18 Background subtraction 2
s comparisons between EXFOR and TALYS 1.0 – mostly good agreement we believe the simulated s shape is OK, only the absolute value can be shifted Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation process corrections background 1 background 2 uncertainties Results Conclusion following the neutron spectrum knowledge, we calculated ratio between production in neutron peak and total production with this ratio we multiplied the yields to subtract background production

19 Uncertainty analysis Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation process corrections background 1 background 2 uncertainties Results Conclusion HPGe detector calibration uncertainty: less than 1% Gauss-fit of the gamma peaks: > 1% (usually less than 10%) spectroscopic corrections uncertainty: less than 1% neutron spectra determination: 10% neutron beam intensity determination: 5% at NPI, 10% at TSL background subtraction procedure – to be more deeply studied

20 197Au(n,2n)196Au results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 196Au 194Au 193Au 192Au Conclusion

21 197Au(n,4n)194Au results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 196Au 194Au 193Au 192Au Conclusion

22 197Au(n,5n)193Au results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 196Au 194Au 193Au 192Au Conclusion

23 197Au(n,6n)192Au results Au measured up to 188Au… Motivation
measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results 196Au 194Au 193Au 192Au Conclusion Au measured up to 188Au…

24 209Bi(n,3n)207Bi results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 207Bi 206Bi Other Bi Conclusion

25 209Bi(n,4n)206Bi results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 207Bi 206Bi Other Bi Conclusion

26 Other 209Bi(n,xn) results Bi measured up to 200Bi… Motivation
measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results 207Bi 206Bi Other Bi Conclusion Bi measured up to 200Bi…

27 181Ta(n,2n)180Ta results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 181Ta 114mIn 24Na 27Mg Conclusion

28 natIn(n,xn)114mIn results
Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results 181Ta 114mIn 24Na 27Mg Conclusion In measured up to 108In…

29 27Al(n,a)24Na results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 181Ta 114mIn 24Na 27Mg Conclusion

30 27Al(n,p)27Mg results Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež
Evaluation Results 181Ta 114mIn 24Na 27Mg Conclusion

31 Conclusions Motivation measurement TSL Uppsala NPI Řež Evaluation Results Conclusion Uppsala and Řež cross-section measurements covered wide range of energies (17 – 94 MeV) threshold reactions in Au, Bi, I, In, and Ta studied up to (n,10n) our results for well known cross-sections agree with other experimental data in EXFOR near future: finish the evaluation of cross-section measurements from Uppsala - February 2010 autumn 2010 – planed next cross-sections measurements at NPI Řež further study of the background subtraction procedure and its uncertainty

32 Acknowledgements Thank you for your attention..
We would like to thank to Dr. Bém and his colleagues for the possibility to joint their irradiations on cyclotron in Řež! This work was supported from the EFNUDAT,grant CTU and by the F4E program of the Nuclear Reaction Department (NPI), F4E-2008-GRT-014. Thank you for your attention..

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