1. The Old Man and the Sea By: Ernest Hemingway

2. Author Background 1898-1961 Was born to an affluent family in Chicago Began writing in high school Became an ambulance driver during World War I in Italy

3. Author Background Moved to Paris to pursue a writing career Lived in Paris and met Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound, two famous writers who influenced him greatly

4. Hemingway Revealed Hemingway loved adventure and his stories reflect this Was an avid hunter and sportsman Known for his to- the-point, non- descriptive form of writing

5. Old Man and the Sea He lived in Cuba while writing The Old Man and the Sea The Old Man and the Sea was published in full by Life magazine and sold all 5.3 million copies within 48 hours May 1953: Hemingway wins a Pulitzer Prize for writing The Old man and the Sea

6. Hemingways Accolades May 1953: Hemingway wins a Pulitzer Prize for writing The Old man and the Sea October 1954: Hemingway wins the Nobel Prize in Literature He is known for his Code Hero, a man who is stoic and stays strong against sometimes unbeatable odds.

7. Literary Elements Setting (time and place) –A Cuban village near Havana –Mostly set on the sea in the Gulf Stream Characters 1. SantiagoOld Cuban fisherman 2. ManolinThe boy who is Santiagos friend

8. Hemingways Code Hero A hero must be courageous but must avoid death at all costs A hero does not have self-pity, but he does have self discipline and control A hero realizes death is in all things, therefore, he tries to live life fully A hero is a person of action A hero practices humilitydoesnt discuss his achievements A hero faces his greatest trial alone and tests himself to his limit.

9. Symbols Joe DiMaggio: ideal of strength and grace under pressure Marlin: willful pride or the old mans lost dream Fish: ancient symbol of Christianity Santiagos name: Spanish for St. James the lesser/thought to be symbolic of Christ

10. Symbolism The marlin and the shark symbolize the 2 sides of nature The marlina kind, respectable opponent The sharksdeath and destruction The lionsthe strength of nature and youth (he loves them as he loves the boy)

11. Christ-like imagery Santiago endures 3 days on the sea The struggle with the marlin reflects Christs struggle on the cross Santiago bears the weight of the fish on his back (Christ carrying the cross) The wounds to his hands

12. Christ-like imagery cont. When the sharks attack, Santiago utters a sound as a man might make involuntarily, feeling the nail go through his hand into the wood He is humble, long-suffering, courageous, but he experiences defeat, unlike Christ.