1. ArrayLists

2. Similarity between ArrayList and Array
An ArrayList is similar to an array of Objects
Differences between ArrayList and Arrays
Arrays are natural data structures within Java.
ArrayList is an added class.
An array is a fixed size
ArrayList can grow and shrink
Arrays can hold primitive data or objects.
ArrayList can only hold objects

3. Creating a ArrayList
The Object type must be specified using <> when creating an ArrayList.
Examples:
ArrayList<String> strList1 = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<String> strList2 = new ArrayList<String>(10);
ArrayList<Integer> ageList = new ArrayList<Integer>(2);
* Note the Integer wrapper class was used in place of a primitive data type.

4. Adding elements to an ArrayList
Elements can be added to the front, back, or elsewhere.

5. Adding elements to an ArrayList
void add(Object element)
Examples: Adds the element to the back of theArrayList
ArrayList <Integer> myList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
myList.add(5);
myList.add(7);
myList.add(8);
Result: [5, 7, 8]

6. Inserting elements within an ArrayList
void add(int index, Object element)
Inserts the element at position index in this ArrayList
The index must be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the number of elements in the ArrayList
ArrayList <Integer> myList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
myList.add(5);
myList.add(7);
myList.add(8);
myList.add(6, 1);
Result: [5, 6, 7, 8]

7. Removing elements from an ArrayList
boolean remove(Object obj)
Removes the first occurrence of obj from this ArrayList
Returns true if an element was removed
Uses equals to test if it has found the correct element
void remove(int index)
Removes the element at position index from this ArrayList
void clear()
Removes all elements

8. Accessing elements in an ArrayList
Object get(int index)
Returns the element at position index in this ArrayList
ArrayList <Integer> myList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
myList.add(5);
myList.add(7);
myList.add(8);
System.out.println(myList.get(1));
Output: 7

9. Modifying an element in an ArrayList
void set(int index, Object element)
Inserts the element at position index in this ArrayList
The index must be greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the number of elements in the ArrayList
ArrayList <Integer> myList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
myList.add(5);
myList.add(8);
myList.set(1, 20);
Result: [5, 20]

10. Comparing two ArrayList
boolean equals( Object element)
Determines if the two lists contain the same elements in the same order.
equals() is defined to be the same as ==
* It is often a good idea to override equals for your own objects.

11. Additional Functionality of an ArrayList
boolean isEmpty()
Returns true if this ArrayList has no elements
int size()
Returns the number of elements currently in this ArrayList
Object[ ] toArray()
Returns an array containing all the elements of this ArrayList in the correct order

12. Searching a ArrayList – Research on your own
boolean contains(Object element)
Tests if element is a component of this ArrayList
Uses equals to test if it has found the correct element
int indexOf(Object element)
Returns the index of the first occurrence of element in this ArrayList
Returns -1 if element was not found in this ArrayList
int lastIndexOf(Object element)
Returns the index of the last occurrence of element in this ArrayList

13. List of Common ArrayList methods:
add(value)
appends value at end of list
add(index, value)
inserts given value just before the given index, shifting subsequent values to the right
clear()
removes all elements of the list
indexOf(value)
returns first index where given value is found in list (-1 if not found)
get(index)
returns the value at given index
remove(index)
removes/returns value at given index, shifting subsequent values to the left
set(index, value)
replaces value at given index with given value
size()
returns the number of elements in list
toString()
returns a string representation of the list
such as "[3, 42, -7, 15]"

14. Additional ArrayList methods:
addAll(list)
addAll(index, list)
adds all elements from the given list to this list
(at the end of the list, or inserts them at the given index)
contains(value)
returns true if given value is found somewhere in this list
containsAll(list)
returns true if this list contains every element from given list
equals(list)
returns true if given other list contains the same elements
iterator()
listIterator()
returns an object used to examine the contents of the list (seen later)
lastIndexOf(value)
returns last index value is found in list (-1 if not found)
remove(value)
finds and removes the given value from this list
removeAll(list)
removes any elements found in the given list from this list
retainAll(list)
removes any elements not found in given list from this list
subList(from, to)
returns the sub-portion of the list between indexes from (inclusive) and to (exclusive)
toArray()
returns the elements in this list as an array

15. Conclusion A ArrayList is like an array of Objects
The advantage of a ArrayList is that you don’t need to know beforehand how big to make it
The disadvantage of a ArrayList is that you can’t use the special syntax for arrays
You should never use an array that you hope is “big enough”—use an ArrayList instead

16. Exercise
Write a program that reads a paragraph and displays the individual words as a list.
First display all words.
Then display them in reverse order.
Then display them with all plurals (ending in "s") capitalized.
Then display them with all plural words removed.

17. Partial Solution
ArrayList<String> allWords = new ArrayList<String>();
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
String paragraph = in.nextLine();
Scanner input = new Scanner(paragraph);
while (input.hasNext()) {
String word = input.next();
allWords.add(word); }
System.out.println(allWords);
// remove all plural words
for (int i = 0; i < allWords.size(); i++) {
String word = allWords.get(i);
if (word.endsWith("s")) {
allWords.remove(i);
i--;