1. Bellringer
Name one legislative power that acts as a check on the courts.
Name one Executive power that acts as a check on the courts.
What Supreme Court case established the principal of judicial review?

2. Checks on the Court The President
Appoints justices and federal court judges
Congress
Confirmation
impeachment cases
Can change the number of district courts

3. AP Government The Federal Courts
THE JUDICIARY

4. ARTICLE III Weakest Branch in Constitution originally
Hamilton’s Federalist Essay #78
Judiciary Act of 1789 established the court system we know today
Three Tier System
At least One District Court in every state

5. Boundaries of federal district courts and courts of appeals

6. JURISDICTION Three Tier System Original Jurisdiction (District Court)
Appellate Jurisdiction (11 circuits)
Patent Court
State Court Systems

7. How the American judicial system is structured

8. JUSTICES
Originally 6 Supreme Court Justices, the number would fluctuate, but in 1869 it is set at 9 and has remained so since then but can be changed The Constitution places the power to determine the number of Justices in the hands of Congress. The first Judiciary Act, passed in 1789, set the number of Justices at six, one Chief Justice and five Associates.

9. The Marshall Court: Marbury v. Madison (1803) and Judicial Review
National supremacy
JUDICIAL REVIEW
McCulloch v. Maryland
Broad interpretation of the commerce clause
Necessary and proper clause 9

10. John Marshall (1801-1835) has the greatest impact: (Federalist long after all others gone)
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

11. Other Justices of some fame:
Justice Taney (Dred Scott)
Justice Holmes (1st amendment)
Justice O’Connor (1st woman)
Justice Marshall (1st African-American)
Justice Rehnquist ( limiting executive privilege)
Justice Warren (rights of the accused and Brown)
Justice Roberts (present Chief Justice)

12. Can Americans name the justices of the Supreme Court?

13. The justices of the Supreme Court in 2016

14. Key Terms Precedent- How similar cases have ended up in the past
Stare Decisis- Latin for “let the decision stand”
Senatorial Courtesy- refers to the placement of state or appeals court judges, if no congressmen from the state of appointment oppose the judge should be confirmed

15. Key Terms
Writ of Certiorari- a legal document issued by the Supreme Court to request the court transcripts of a case. A writ of certiorari indicates that the Court will review a lower court's decision
Rule of 4
At least four justices of the Supreme Court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard

16. Key Terms
Amicus Curiae Brief- Legal briefs submitted by a "friend of the court" for the purpose of raising additional points of view 
Solicitor General-a presidential appointee and the third-ranking office in the department of justice. the solicitor general is in charge of appellate court of the federal government

17. Key Terms Continued Majority Opinion Concurring Opinion
Dissenting Opinion
Doctrine of Judicial Restraint
Doctrine of Judicial Activism
Doctrine of Judicial Implementation

18. United States vs Nixon
Ruled executive privilege (where president could withhold information) unconstitutional except in cases of secret foreign and military affairs
Nixon tapes
Decreased power of executive branch

19. Stare decisis literally means what?
The right of the court to decide
The wise will decide
Staring at decisions
The stars make decisions
Let the decision stand 19

20. Stare decisis literally means what?
The right of the court to decide
The wise will decide
Staring at decisions
The stars make decisions
Let the decision stand 20

21. How Federal Court Judges Are Selected
Confirmation Process
Investigation
American Bar Association
Lobbying by interest groups
Bork
Christian organizations
Senate committee hearings
and vote
More intensive since 1980s
Appointments to Supreme Court
Importance
Unpredictability 21

22. Who opposed Robert Bork’s appointment to the Supreme Court?
The rich
White males
Libertarians
Conservatives
Liberals 22

23. Who opposed Robert Bork’s appointment to the Supreme Court?
The rich
White males
Libertarians
Conservatives
Liberals 23

24. The Supreme Court Today
Deciding to Hear a Case
Supreme Court hears approximately one percent of cases filed
Supreme Court issues writ
of certiorari to hear case
Rule of Four
At least four Justices must sign on to a writ of certiorari
Role of clerks
Initial filtration process
To Learning Objectives 24

25. What does amicus curiae literally mean?
Friend of the court
The people have spoken
The court has spoken
A friendly decision
A little curious 25

26. What does amicus curiae literally mean?
Friend of the court
The people have spoken
The court has spoken
A friendly decision
A little curious 26

27. Back
To Learning Objectives

28. How many cases does the Supreme Court handle?