1. Unit 2 Chapter 4 in Textbook
Tissues
Unit 2
Chapter 4 in Textbook

2. What are they?
-Tissues are groups of cells with a common structure (form) and function (job).
Histology is the study of tissues

3. What are they? 4 Main tissue types: Epithelial Connective Nervous
Muscle

4. INTRO TO TISSUES VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5tR3csCWYo
Crash course intro to tissues

5. Epithelial Tissues NO blood vessels
Characteristics
Closely attached to each other forming a protective barrier
NO blood vessels
- nutrients from bv in connective tissue

6. Epithelial Tissues Characteristics Innervated
Very good at regenerating.
ex. sunburn, skinned knee.

7. Epithelial Tissues By SHAPE: squamous-flat and scale-like
Classifications (types)
By SHAPE:
squamous-flat and scale-like
cuboidal- cubed, as tall as they are wide
columnar- tall, column-shaped

8. Epithelial Tissues Simple- single layer absorption & filtration
By CELL ARRANGEMENT:
Simple- single layer absorption & filtration
Stratified- multiple stacked layers protection from abrasion-mouth, skin
Simple-fx gas exchanges in lungs & lines blood vessel & body cavities
Stratified-designed to protect underlying layers.
---outer layer of skin, mouth, throat, vagina & anal canal

10. Examples

11. Epithelial Tissues Protects- skin Absorbs- stomach & intestinal lining
Functions Include:
Protects- skin
Absorbs- stomach & intestinal lining
Filters- the kidneys
Secretes- forms gland
us from the outside world
--secretes—glands secrete products into ducts=exocrine.
Endocrine = glands that secrete into body fluids & blood
Crash Course part 2

12. Epithelial Tissue Located in: Urinary bladder Uterus Urethra
Transitional- Stretches
Located in:
Urinary bladder
Uterus
Urethra
1/25/2012

13. Epithelial Tissue Endocrine Exocrine 2 types of Glands:
Glandular tissue
2 types of Glands:
Exocrine—glands secrete body fluids into ducts mucus, serous (watery fluid) Mammary glands sebaceous glands
Endocrine = glands that secrete into body fluids & blood

14. Glandular epithelia Exocrine Endocrine
Releases products outside of the body through a duct (sweat, oil & salivary)
Endocrine
release hormones inside the body into the bloodstream without a duct (pituitary, adrenal)

17. EPITHELIAL TISSUE VIDEO
Tissues part 2-crash course

18. Dense-densely packed collagen fibers-very strong-no good blood supply
Adipose-stores fat
Areolar-delicate thin membranes-binds body parts together like skin & underlying organs
Compact Bone- most rigid-has mineral salts & collage within bone matrix
internally supports body, protects, forms muscle attachments
bone cells = osteocytes arranged in concentric circles
bone has good blood supply
Blood –red & white blood cells suspended in plasma
fx to transport substances in body
All have good blood supply
Connective Tissue

19. Connective Tissue Wraps , cushions and protects organs
Internal support for organs
Stores nutrients
connections between muscles, bones, and joints
Gives organs strength
Functions (jobs)
Protects against infection
Repair tissue damage
Produce blood cells

20. Connective Tissue Ground substance- gel around cells and fibers
3 elements of connective tissue
Ground substance- gel around cells and fibers
Fibers-provide strength, elasticity, and support
Intracellular matrix
Good blood supply
Fibroblasts - most common cell types, secretes fibers & is large
Mast cells- release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (promotes inflammation)
Macrophages – scavenger cells & defend against infection

21. Areolar- cushions around organs, loose arrangement of cells and fibers
3 Loose Connective Tissues
Areolar- cushions around organs, loose arrangement of cells and fibers
Adipose- stores nutrients, packed with fat cells and blood vessels
3. Reticular- internal supporting framework of some organs, delicate network of fibers and cells (spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow)
Areolar– thin membrane that binds body parts to skin
Adipose loose connective tissue designed to store fat
around joints – padding in kidneys & abdominal membranes
Reticular thin fiber- 3 d network – provides framework for some internal organs (liver & spleen)

22. Dense (fibrous) connective:
Dense Regular- tendons and ligaments, regularly arranged bundles packed with fibers in the same direction to provide strength
2. Dense Irregular- skin, organ capsules, irregularly shaped- packed with fibers for strength in all directions.
No good blood supply
Tendons & ligaments

23. Cartilage Bone (osseous) Blood Special Connective Tissues
provides strength with flexibility
resists wear & tear
(external ear, larynx, nose, intervertebral discs)
3 types- hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Bone (osseous)
provides framework for body
stores calcium
contains blood-forming cells
Blood
transports oxygen, CO2, & nutrients
involved in immune response
Cartilage – lacks vascular system so slow to heal
hyaline cartilage - found at ends of bones elastic cartilage – found at external ears & parts of larynx
Fibrocartilage – collagen fibers tough tissue for shock absorbing at intervertebral disks in knees and pelvic girdle
Compact Bone- most rigid-has mineral salts & collage within bone matrix
internally supports body, protects, forms muscle attachments
bone cells = osteocytes arranged in concentric circles
bone has good blood supply
Blood –red & white blood cells suspended in plasma
fx to transport substances in body

24. Examples

25. CONNECTIVE TISSUE VIDEO

26. Nervous Tissue Brain (cerebrum & cerebellum) Spinal cord Nerves
conducts electrical impulses to and from body organs via the neurons (nerve cells)
3 elements of the nervous system
Brain (cerebrum & cerebellum)
Spinal cord
Nerves
Controls every thing in your body-thoughts—actions
Sensory input—processes info/integration---motor output
Neurons—conducts impulses
Neuroglia – helper cells support & nourish neurons

27. Moves blood, food, wastes through organs
Muscle Tissue
Body movement
Moves blood, food, wastes through organs
Responsible for digestion

29. Attached to tendons & bone Striated Multinucleated
Skeletal
Attached to tendons & bone
Controlled by voluntary movements
Striated
Multinucleated
Multi nucleated – skeletal muscles are very large –long fibers fuse together when formed
Because skeletal muscle fibers are multi nucleated—no longer a “cell” but syncytium (SIN SISH UM)

30. Cardiac Tissue -Only in Heart -involuntary movements
-striated w/ intercalated discs
-connecting for synchronized
-contractions during heart beat
Intercalated discs- connections between individual cardiac tissues so the muscle fx as one organ

31. Smooth Muscle Tissue -Hollow organs -Blood vessel walls -Involuntary
-Spindle-shaped cells for pushing contents through organs
-Non-striated
Lines hollow organs & blood vessel walls
Intestines, stomach, aorta

33. Smooth Muscle
Skeletal Muscle

34. Tissue Trauma Characterized by:
Heat- blood is very warm and it increases the external temperature of the area
Edema (swelling)- due to the increase in blood flow to the area
Pain- from the swelling and pushing on nerves
Redness- blood flooding the area bringing nutrients and healing factors

35. Tissue Review Questions.

36. What types of muscle tissue are below? Give characteristics of each!

37. What are the 4 main Tissue Types?

38. What are the 4 main Tissue Types?

39. Distinguish between the two!

40. Simple vs Stratified squamous
Filtration and diffusion.

41. Identify the function of this tissue type

42. Secretion and absorption- Glands and ducts

44. Protection and secretion