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COLD WAR THE COLD WAR WAS THE GEOPOLITICAL, IDEOLOGICAL, AND ECONOMIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN TWO WORLD SUPERPOWERS, THE USA AND THE USSR, THAT STARTED IN 1945.

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Presentation on theme: "COLD WAR THE COLD WAR WAS THE GEOPOLITICAL, IDEOLOGICAL, AND ECONOMIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN TWO WORLD SUPERPOWERS, THE USA AND THE USSR, THAT STARTED IN 1945."— Presentation transcript:

1 COLD WAR THE COLD WAR WAS THE GEOPOLITICAL, IDEOLOGICAL, AND ECONOMIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN TWO WORLD SUPERPOWERS, THE USA AND THE USSR, THAT STARTED IN 1945 AT THE END OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND LASTED UNTIL THE DISSOLUTION OF THE SOVIET UNION ON DECEMBER 26, 1991 THE COLD WAR WAS A PERIOD OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND MILITARY TENSION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND SOVIET UNION FROM 1945 TO 1991

2 CAUSES AMERICAN FEAR OF COMMUNIST ATTACK TRUMAN’S DISLIKE OF STALIN
USSR’S FEAR OF THE AMERICAN’S ATOMIC BOMB  USSR’S DISLIKE OF CAPITALISM USSR’S ACTIONS IN THE SOVIET ZONE OF GERMANY AMERICA’S REFUSAL TO SHARE NUCLEAR SECRETS USSR’S EXPANSION WEST INTO EASTERN EUROPE USSR’S FEAR OF AMERICAN ATTACK USSR’S NEED FOR A SECURE WESTERN BORDER USSR’S AIM OF SPREADING WORLD COMMUNISM

3 EVENTS YALTA CONFERENCE: NEAR END OF WORLD WAR II; USSR AND WESTERN POWERS DIVIDED EUROPE INTO EAST AND WEST; SOVIETS CONTROLLED EAST IRON CURTAIN: AFTER WORLD WAR II, CHURCHILL CALLED THE “LINE” BETWEEN US AND ALLIES (NATO) AND SOVIET UNION AND ALLIES (WARSAW PACT) IN EUROPE FORMATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS: COUNCIL OF NATIONS DESIGNED TO AVOID ANOTHER WORLD WAR BY CREATING A PLACE TO SOLVE PROBLEMS PEACEFULLY

4 EVENTS TRUMAN DOCTRINE: POLICY OF US TO USE MILITARY AND FIGHT AGAINST COMMUNIST TAKEOVERS AROUND THE WORLD DURING THE COLD WAR MARSHALL PLAN: TO DISCOURAGE COUNTRIES FROM BECOMING COMMUNIST BERLIN AIRLIFT: EAST GERMANY (USSR) CUT OFF WEST BERLIN FROM REST OF WORLD.  US AIRLIFTED SUPPLIES TO WEST BERLIN NATO: 4TH APRIL MILITARY DEFENSE ALLIANCE OF US AND WESTERN EUROPE AGAINST SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE

5 EVENTS WARSAW PACT: MILITARY DEFENSE ALLIANCE OF SOVIET UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE AGAINST US AND WESTERN EUROPE MAY-55 INVASION OF HUNGARY: TO SUPPRESS PRO DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENTS: 1956 INVASION OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA: TO SUPPRESS PRO DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENTS: 1968 BERLIN WALL: BUILT BY EAST BERLIN (USSR) TO KEEP CITIZENS FROM FLEEING TO FREE WEST BERLIN

6 EVENTS INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN: USSR INVADED AFGHANISTAN TO SOLIDIFY COMMUNIST GOVERNMENT, COULD NOT CONTROL COUNTRY INVASION OF KOREA: COMMUNIST FORCES INVADED KOREA TRIED TO TAKE OVER, US SUPPORTED WITH MILITARY, MONEY INVASION OF VIETNAM: WARSAW-SUCCESS 1985: MIKHAIL GORBACHEV BECOMES LEADER OF THE SOVIET UNION INITIATING A CAMPAIGN OF OPENNESS CALLED "GLASNOST" AND RESTRUCTURING CALLED "PERESTROIKA”

7 EVENTS 1986 OCTOBER : PRESIDENT REAGAN AND GORBACHEV RESOLVE TO REMOVE ALL INTERMEDIATE NUCLEAR MISSILES FROM EUROPE 1987 OCTOBER : REAGAN AND GORBACHEV AGREE TO REMOVE ALL MEDIUM AND SHORT-RANGE NUCLEAR MISSILES 1989 JANUARY : SOVIET TROOPS WITHDRAW FROM AFGHANISTAN JUNE : POLAND BECOMES INDEPENDENT SEPTEMBER : HUNGARY BECOMES INDEPENDENT NOVEMBER : BERLIN WALL IS DEMOLISHED AND EAST GERMANY ALLOWS UNRESTRICTED MIGRATION TO WEST GERMANY DECEMBER : COMMUNIST GOVERNMENTS FALL IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA, BULGARIA, AND RUMANIA DECLINE OF THE SOVIET EMPIRE

8 EVENTS 1990 MARCH : LITHUANIA BECOMES INDEPENDENT
1990 MAY 29 : BORIS YELTSIN ELECTED AS PRESIDENT OF RUSSIA 1990 OCTOBER 3 : GERMANY REUNITED 1991 AUGUST : END OF SOVIET UNION AND THE COLD WAR ENDS

9 FEATURES ECONOMIC COMPETITION ALIGNMENT ARMAMENTATION
SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT SPACE RACE INTERNATIONAL TENSION

10 NON ALIGNMENT GLOBALIZATION DISARMAMENT UNIPOLAR WORLD

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