1. Good morning!
Pick up the yellow paper from the stool if you did not get one yesterday 

2. Population Geography:
Key Issue 1:
Where is the world’s population distributed?

3. So what is population geography??
Spatial aspects of demography
Demography (study of population)
Overpopulation
Population distribution
Population density (arithmetic/physiological)
Rates of natural increase (excess of births OVER deaths—omitting migration)
Growth rate (natural increase + net migration)

4. 3 important things More people than ever before
World population has increased at a faster rate after 1950’s than ever before
AND almost all population growth is concentrated in less developed countries (LDC’s)

6. Population Shift

7. Why Study Population? Problem: TOO MANY _____________
As the proportion of older people in a country increases, the proportion of younger people decreases. % of older people in the U.S. has increased by 1.9% in last 5 years. % under 5 years old has decreased by .3% in last 5 years
Why is this a PROBLEM?
Fewer young workers; paying for more pensions and medical expensive (aging population)…social security?
Problem: TOO MANY ______________
Almost 4.5 billion live in cities (especially ___________)
China has 83 cities with more than 750,000 people
Why is this a problem?

8. Where are all the kids??
Travel to Europe, ________, or Canada and you will notice there are very few kids
What causes this phenomena?
Women in wealthier countries having few children…why?
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has dropped below What does the TFR need to be for population to remain stable?
TFR is the avg. # of children born to a woman of child-bearing age
Highest TFR ever recorded __________
Lowest TFR ever recorded ___________
CURRENT HIGH TFR—Niger (7.6)
CURRENT LOW TFR—Bosnia-Herzegovena (1.2)
America TFR at all time LOW (1.86)
Why is having too few children a problem?

9. Overpopulation
When consumption of natural resources by people outstrip the ability of a natural region to replace those natural resources.

10. United States and TFR

11. Density Number of people occupying an area of land
Helps geographers to describe the distribution of people comparison to available resources
Arithmetic and physiological

12. Arithmetic Density – the total number of people per a unit of land area. (total # of people / total land area) AKA population density
U.S. 300 million people / 3.7 million square miles = about 80 people per square mile
Physiological Density – the total number of people per a unit of arable (farmable) land. (U.S. 445 persons per square mile

13. Choropleth Map

14. Demography
The study of human populations, particularly the size, distribution, and characteristics of members of population groups

15. Population Growth 0 AD 250 million 1803 AD 1 billion

16. Population J Curve
Population growth in 2016 (+ 52 million)

17. The World and the Top 10
World Population as of TODAY, 1/16/19

18. World Population as of TODAY 1/15/19 7,677,322,464
China billion
India billion
United States million
Indonesia million
Brazil million
Pakistan million
Nigeria million
Bangladesh million
Russia million
Mexico million
Just out of Top 10-Japan 127 million

19. World and Country Population Totals
Distribution and Structure: 3/4 of people live on 5% of earth's surface!
Total: 7.6 billion on planet as of January 2019
Current Population counter:

20. Population Distribution
Descriptions of locations on the earth’s surface where individuals or groups of people live

22. I love cartograms so much

23. World Population Clusters
2/3 of world’s population are concentrated in 4 regions
_____________ (East China, Japan, S. Korea, Taiwan)
¼ of world population lives here
South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh)
Bound by Himalayas and a desert & religion is a barrier to migration)
__________ (mostly West)
Population is concentrated in CITIES
North America
Megalopolis (Bos-Wash)

24. The “inhabited world!”
Ecumene
Ecumene, or portion of the earth’s surface that has permanent human settlement has expanded to cover most of the earth’s land area.
Expansion of the Ecumene BC - AD 1900

30. Dependency Ratio
A country wants a balance between young, working, and elderly populations… this is called the dependency ratio (the young and elderly are DEPENDENT on the rest of the population.
Most of the population should be in the “working years.”
“World Aging at Super Speed”: