1. Prepared and presented HEAD, RELIABILITY AND TESTING LABORATORY
IAEA VIENNA GNSSN WORKSHOP ON NATIONAL REGULATORY PORTALS
ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Prepared and presented by
 Author : Dr. Gheorghe VIERU,
INR PITESTI, ROMANIA
HEAD, RELIABILITY AND TESTING LABORATORY
 Co-author: Dr. Lucian BIRO,
Expert CNCAN, ROMANIA
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

2. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
OUTLINES
Background
Introduction
Romanian Nuclear Security and Safety Framework
International Regulatory Co-operation and the Role of Different International Organizations
The sharing of Knowledge and information on Safety and Security Framework
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

3. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Background
1. According to the IAEA, the Global Nuclear Safety and Security Network–GNSSN is the global framework for achieving and maintaining worldwide a high level of safety and security at nuclear facilities and activities
2. Romania ratified the Convention on Nuclear Safety and CNCAN – National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control (CNCAN) has been designated by the Romanian Government to take primary responsibility for the implementation of Romania’s obligation under the Convention
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

4. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
1. Introduction
The IAEA defines nuclear security as “the means and ways of preventing, detecting and responding to sabotage, theft and unauthorized access to or illegal transfer of nuclear material and other radioactive substances, as well as their associated facilities”.
The IAEA works closely with Member States (MS) to establish and enhance the measures needed to control and protect nuclear and radioactive materials, as well as to prevent illicit nuclear materials trafficking.
Romanian national efforts on Security and Safety Framework are augmented by Regulatory Authority (National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control-CNCAN) and other institution. International Cooperation played an important role in capacity building of Romanian Regulatory Body and providing necessary assistance in performing regulatory activities or support in development of Romanian Nuclear Regulatory Security Framework.
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5. 2. Romanian Nuclear Security and Safety Framework
ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
2. Romanian Nuclear Security and Safety Framework
In Romania, the Networking is consequently recognized as a very efficient tool for enhancing the sharing of knowledge and experience which can play an essential role for prevention of possible accidents and malicious acts, and, much more, for the implementation of appropriate safety and security measures, when appropriate, to be applied. A diagram of the Components of the State Nuclear Security framework in shown in Figure 1 and in Figure 2 is shown the main RAM transportation routes I Romania:
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

6. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Figure no. 1- A diagram of the Components of the State Nuclear Security Framework in Romania
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

7. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Figure 2 – The main RAM transportation routes in Romania
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8. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Among those components belonging to the entire Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities (as shown in Figure 1) there are: CANDU NPP Cernavoda, uranium mines and uranium processing plant, radioactive sources, National Repository for Radwaste-low level, TRIGA research reactor.
The risk assessment associated with the nuclear fuel cycle facilities, analysis of state infrastructure, vulnerability assessment of such nuclear facilities including transportation of RAM (Radioactive Material) considering different modes of RAM transport in terms of potential radiological consequences, quantity and type of RAM should be taken into consideration as important database to provide regulatory bodies a prompt access to the latest developments in their area of interest.
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9. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
3. International Regulatory Co-operation and the Role of Different International Organizations
The Regulators should consider continue working together in order to harmonize requirements and approaches between different countries.
Also, global and regional network should be established and maintained, where possible, to include regulators, operating organizations, vendors and other stakeholders.
Networking has to be considered and understood as an important tool for facilitating the transition from dependence to self-sufficiency and sustainability.
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

10. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Romania as a Member State (MS) and once expanding nuclear national programme became concerned that is essential to ensure an independent, effective and efficient nuclear regulatory system vs. new challenges within the nuclear security framework field.
In Romania, the National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control (CNCAN) is the national competent authority (CA) having attribution of regulation, authorization and control as well as full responsibilities for a safe operation and security of nuclear facilities- radiological and nuclear installations.
With limited human resources, CNCAN is in the position to have its own Technical Support Organization. In support of capacity building and achievement of regulatory effectiveness, commensurate with national nuclear power programme, in the period of 2002 to 2009, CNCAN made an extensive use of external assistance provided either through IAEA TC Programme, external consultancy companies financed by European Commission–EC under the PHARE Project or international cooperation established between CNCAN and other regulatory authorities
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

11. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Regulatory Body
The National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control-CNCAN is designated as a body of regulation, licensing and control of all nuclear activities and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. In 1996 is issued the Law no. 111 regarding the assurance of the Safety of nuclear activities. This Law was updated and republished in 2006.
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

12. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Figure 3: Structure of the Regulatory and Policy Branch of CNCAN (as presented in 2011 on the official web site –
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

13. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
The function of the Regulators include, among others,
Assessing applications for licensing against accepted standards for radiation protection and nuclear safety;
Monitoring compliance including undertaking inspections of licensed nuclear activities to conform compliances with legislative requirements;
Investigating incidents;
Taking any enforcement actions required that are necessary to ensure regulatory compliance in radiation protection and nuclear safety, safety of people and protection of the environment;
Development of national codes and standards to promote national uniformity;
Management of statutory advisory council and committees and;
Formulating regulatory guidance documents for consideration and publishing.
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14. CNCAN Safety Policies:
ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
CNCAN Safety Policies:
Places the protection of human health and safety and the environment as its highest
priority;
Promote a positive safety culture and environmental awareness;
Strives for continuous improvement in safe work practices using a blame-free learning
approach;
Protects the environment
Human Resources – CNCAN currently has 103 staff (except the President)
In addition, CNCAN has several other policies to support a positive safety culture including risk management and quality policies
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15. Role of IAEA TC Programme in support of CNCAN capacity building
ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Role of IAEA TC Programme in support of CNCAN capacity building
The Cooperation between Romania and IAEA were stipulated in Country Programme Nuclear Framework, priorities being identified as follows:
The regulatory infrastructure;
The radiological protection and health;
The management of RADWASTE and Spent Nuclear Fuel;
The nuclear Safety and Security and Fuel Performance of CANDU NPP Cernavoda;
The Research development activity as support of the National Nuclear Programme.
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011

16. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
The IAEA support in regulatory activities consists of:
Involvement of CNCAN staff in regional training courses and workshops;
Organizing national training courses and workshops in Romania;
IAEA expert mission in support of Romanian Regulatory activities for the assessment
of deterministic and probabilistic analysis;
Supporting scientific visits and fellowship for CNCAN staff organized in IAEA MS;
Organizing expert mission for assistance in regulatory framework development;
Organizing IRRT, IRRS missions for assessment of Romanian Regulatory
Effectiveness
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17. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Other technical and scientific support from IAEA Vienna
IAEA Vienna awards to the Institute for Nuclear Research (INR) Pitesti, Romania as TSO, several scientific research contracts and research agreements, on nuclear security framework (regime), such as:
“Approach of Safety-Risk assessment associated with the transport of low activity radioactive waste to the disposal center, in Romania”;
“Risk and Safety Evaluation in The transportation and disposal of Naturally Occurring Materials-uranium ore and uranium waste in Romania”/2007, contract no “
“Romanian Contribution to the Development of Methodology for Risk Assessment and State Management of Nuclear Security Regime (Risk and Radiological Consequence)/2010, contract no “
“Participation at the IAEA International Training Course on the Security in Transport of Radioactive Material for Training Team Leaders/2010”
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18. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
The support of the European Commission for further development of CNCAN capacity building.
Over the years, European Commission gave a special attention to the strengthening of independence, resources and capabilities of the Romanian Nuclear Safety Authority.
EC support was provided in the framework of PHARE Programme for Romanian Nuclear Regulatory Authority, CNCAN was the beneficiary of several projects, such as:
Support in transfer of Western European Methodology to the Nuclear Safety Authority of Romania;
Support in Nuclear Safety Regulatory Regime Consolidation;
Support to the Romanian Nuclear Regulatory Authority-CNCAN in the licensing review activities of Fire Protection, Overpressure Protection of Reactor Primary Circuit and Main Steam Line Design Safety Issues in Cernavoda 1 NPP;
Support in improvement of Romanian Regulatory Emergency Response Center;
Support in setting up a licensing process in Romania based on Periodic Safety Review of NPP’s
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19. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Bilateral Agreements in Supporting Development of Regulatory Systems in countries developing nuclear power programme
An important role in providing initial support in setting up the Regulatory Framework and Regulatory Capacity Building has to be given to bilateral agreements between Regulatory Authorities (RA) from countries having a small or developed programme on Nuclear Power Programme and Regulatory Authorities from country of NPP’s origin since Romanian Government decided to build the NPP based on Canadian Technology.
The bilateral agreement between Romanian and Canadian Regulatory Authorities was one of the main pillars in setting up the initial Regulatory System in Romania.
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20. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
The sharing of Knowledge and information on Safety and Security Framework
CNCAN took systematic actions, since very beginning, in order to achieve its objectives and fulfillment the IAEA’s and EC’s recommendations.
At the international level, CNCAN received a positive image with regard to development of Regulation. Licensing process and regulatory control of nuclear installations in Romania.
Related to the National Strategy for Nuclear Safety in Romania, CNCAN took further actions in order to develop and maintain the sharing of knowledge in Romania, to setup a National/Regional Training Center in Romania and continuous international support cooperation
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21. ROMANIAN EXPERIENCE ON KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY AND NUCLEAR SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Conclusions
International Cooperation between Romanian Regulatory Authority and the IAEA/EC/RB’s (Regulatory Bodies-RB) had a major contribution in development of a National Nuclear Regulatory Portal, the CNCAN capacity building and in increase of Regulatory Effectiveness and efficiencies.
Therefore, Romanian Regulatory Authority and other institutions dealing with research on nuclear field, are putting a strong accent on strengthening and promoting international cooperation through IAEA Technical Cooperation Programme, MoU’s between Regulatory Bodies (RB), as one of the main key elements in supporting National Nuclear Information Resources and Network, National Nuclear Regulatory Portals (NNRP) in GNSSN, capacity building of Regulatory Authorities in countries having small or embarking on nuclear power programme.
Building network between training centers and research facilities and establishments of regional training centers represent one of the future viable options in preserving knowledge in nuclear field as IAEA Vienna recommends.
The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop The IAEA’s at GNSSN Workshop, BONN, GERMANY, JULY 4 to 6, 2011