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Oocyte environment: follicular fluid and cumulus cells are critical for oocyte health
Daniel A. Dumesic, M.D., David R. Meldrum, M.D., Mandy G. Katz-Jaffe, Ph.D., Rebecca L. Krisher, Ph.D., William B. Schoolcraft, M.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 103, Issue 2, Pages (February 2015) DOI: /j.fertnstert Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Diagram of an ovarian preovulatory follicle depicting how somatic cells influence oocyte competence via steroidogenesis, cellular signaling, and metabolism. Adapted from Krisher (13). Abbreviations: AREG = amphiregulin; BMP15 = bone morphogenetic protein 15; EREG = epiregulin; FSHR = FSH receptor; IGF-1R = IGF-1 receptor; NPPC = natriuretic peptide precursor type C; O2 = oxygen. Fertility and Sterility , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Linear regression lines for glucose versus lactate and P concentrations in follicles with mature oocytes from normoandrogenic ovulatory women (n = 25). A significant negative correlation exists between intrafollicular glucose and lactate levels (Y = −1.2X + 7.2, R2 = 0.55, P<.001), with a slope less than −2.0 (the molar ratio of lactate produced per glucose used by anaerobic glycolysis). A significant correlation also exists between intrafollicular glucose and P4 levels (Y = −14.9X , R2 = 0.29, P<.007) (59). Fertility and Sterility , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 (A) Lipid content of human cumulus cells. Pooled cumulus cells from nonobese women undergoing IVF were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at oocyte retrieval and then stained with BODIPY FL C16 (green) for lipid detection and DAPI (blue) for nuclei. Images were captured with a confocal microscope, using a ×63 oil objective, and quantified with ImageJ software. (B) Regression of follicular fluid (FF) cortisol with cumulus cell lipid content. FF cortisol levels were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; cumulus cell lipid content per patient was determined by immunofluorescent, confocal microscopy and quantified by ImageJ. Maternal age-adjusted FF cortisol levels negatively correlated with cumulus cell lipid content (r = −0.46, P<.01) (72). Fertility and Sterility , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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Figure 4 Positive relationship between intrafollicular insulin levels and BMI in women undergoing ovarian stimulation for IVF (199). Fertility and Sterility , DOI: ( /j.fertnstert ) Copyright © 2015 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
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