1. THE EARTH’S INTERIOR CRUST - 70 km MANTLE – 2,867 km
OUTER CORE - 2,266 km
INNER CORE - 1,216 km
r = 1,216
2,266
2,867
6,419 km
CIRCUMFERENCE = x d
= 3.14 x 12,838
= 40, km
or… CIRCUMFERENCE = r
= 2 x 3.14 x 6,419
d = r x 2
= 6,419 x 2
= 12,838 km

2. Temperature Inside Earth
CRUST
MANTLE
CORE

3. DENSER!!
GRANITE
(continental crust)
BASALT
(oceanic crust) vs

4. Granite
Basalt
DENSER
Iron & Nickel

5. Review: What does heating a substance do to it’s particles?
Particles spread out to become less dense!

6. What is Heat Transfer? The movement of heat energy from: WARM
SUBSTANCES
COOL
SUBSTANCES
Remember: there is no such thing as cold, just an absence of heat.
Heat is very generous. It is always sharing itself. It wants everything in the universe at the same temperature, so it spreads itself out to things not having heat.

7. There are three are ways to transfer the same heat to the same place-for instance a hand.

8. Radiation- Transfer of heat through space
Example: Sunshine

9. Conduction- Heat transfer within a material, or between materials that are touching

10. Convection- Heat transfer by the movement of currents within a fluid
Particles cool at top of the pot, contract, and become more dense
The less dense particles rise to the top of the pot
Particles heat up, spread out, and become less dense
The more dense particles sink to the bottom of the pot
SOUP
HEAT SOURCE

11. CONVECTION IN THE MANTLE
Particles cool at top of the mantle, contract, and become more dense
The less dense particles rise to the top of the mantle, reaching the crust
Particles heat up, spread out, and become less dense
The more dense particles sink to the bottom of the mantle, reaching the core
HEAT SOURCE = Core
CONVECTION IN THE MANTLE

12. Review: Heat Transfer
Radiation- Transfer of heat through space or air/gas
Conduction- Heat transfer within a material, or between materials that are touching
Convection- Heat transfer by the movement of currents within a fluid (gasses, liquids & amorphous solids)

13. Define –
Fluid: Any substance that can flow. This includes gasses, liquids and amorphous solids.