1. 8.1 A Country in Turmoil

2. A Country in Turmoil The industrial revolution and the invention of the cotton gin led to the spread of slavery to new territories A new political party that supported slavery emerged and resulted in the oppressive views toward African Americans, American Indians and women

3. Political Turmoil Charges that the election of 1824 had been hijacked to keep Andrew Jackson out of office led to the formation of the Democratic Party This group claimed to have the benefits of the common man in mind rather than bankers and businessmen This party also represented the Souths slaveholding elite

4. Political Turmoil Democrats openly advocated white supremacy They believed in the forced removal of Native Americans to the West resulting in the Trail of Tears They believed in states rights to uphold slavery and opposed intervention by the federal government They supported a subservient role for women in both the family and the church

5. Political Turmoil The alternative to the Democrats was the Whig Party which did not seek to end slavery They were however influenced by Northern religious ideas and many of their members held anti slavery ideas They did oppose the spread of slavery

6. The Second Great Awakening A new wave of emotional religious revival began at the beginning of the 1800s and lasted into the 1830s Known as the Second Great Awakening this movement encouraged ordinary people to become leaders in the Church and led to the establishment of many independent black Churches These Churches served as an essential part of the antislavery movement

7. The Benevolent Empire Evangelicals stressed practical Christianity which encouraged believers not to be satisfied with their own salvation but to spread it to others This led to a network of church related volunteer groups known as the Benevolent Empire These groups focused on many causes including public education, temperance, prison reform, aid for the mentally ill and also the abolition of slavery

8. Assignment 1. Describe the views of the Democratic party in the 1800s. 2. What was the Trail of Tears? 3. Which party was the primary alternative to the Democrats? What was their view on slavery? 4. What was the Second Great Awakening? Why is it significant to African Americans? 5.Explain the role of the Benevolent Empire.