1. MAE
Penetrator Equations
04/07/2008

2. The Young Penetrator Equation
C.W. Young, Sandia National Laboratories:
For V ≥ 61 m/s
For low weight penetrators, in “soft” material, modification to RHS of equation:
Therefore,

3. The Young Penetrator Equation

4. LUNAR-A Deceleration
Typical acceleration of a mass over a distance:

5. LUNAR-A Deceleration

6. Future Work Open issues: Lunar regolith – rock, soil, layering, … ?
Lunar regolith penetrability, S-number
LUNAR-A nose coefficient, N-number
Ks value, use, etc.
m/A scaling
Penetrator equations
AIAA Paper
Equations, S-number, N-number, absense of Ks?
Forrestal
NDRC (Joint Services Manual for the Design and Analysis of Hardened Structures to Conventional Weapons Effect)
Other?

7. References
Young:
C.W. Young, “An Empirical Equation for Predicting Penetration Depth Into Soft Sediments,” IEEE, 1981.
C.W. Young, “Penetrator Equations,” Contractor Report, SAND , Unlimited Release, UC-705.
C.W. Young, “Simplified Analytical Model of Penetration with Lateral Loading: User’s Guide,” Contractor Report, SAND , Unlimited Release, UC-705.
Other:
Amy S. Lo, et al., “Penetrator Science – Making an Impact on Planetary Compositional Science,” AIAA