1. Cells and Life
2.1

2. Understanding Cells Hooke discovered cells.
Cellula- Latin for small rooms
Cells are the basic unit of all living things

3. Contributions to the Cell Theory
Matthias Schleiden discovered that all plants are made of cells.
Theodor Schwann discovered that all animals are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow proposed that all cells come from preexisting cells.

4. Cell Theory 1. All living things are made from one or more cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life.
3. All new cells come from preexisting cells.

5. Basic Cell Substances Substances in cell are made of macromolecules.
Macromolecules- are many small molecules joined together.
Water is the main ingredient in a cell. (70 %)
Water helps insulate the body & maintain homeostasis.
Water helps substances move in and out of the cell.

6. Macromolecules Enable organelles and cells to function properly.
4 types of macromolecules
1. Nucleic Acids
2. Proteins
3. Lipids
4. Carbohydrates

7. Nucleic Acids
Are macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together.
Contain genetic information
DNA & RNA are nucleic acids.

8. Proteins Are macromolecules necessary for nearly everything cells do.
Are long chains of amino acids.
RNA has the instructions for joining amino acids together.
Cells contains hundreds of proteins.
Each protein has a unique function.

9. Lipids Are large molecules that do not dissolve in water.
They act as protective barriers in cells.
Help form part of the cell membrane.
Plays roles in energy storage and cell communication.

10. Carbohydrates Are sugar molecules 2 types of carbohydrates:
Simple carbohydrate – made up of one sugar molecule
Compound carbohydrate – made up of two or more sugar molecules.
Sugars and starches store energy.
Energy in starches & sugars are released quickly during chemical reactions.
Cellulose is a carbohydrate in plant cell walls that provide support.