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Section 1.2 – Current Electricity
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Focusing Questions What exactly is electricity?
What is needed for electricity to move? What scientific principles are at work when a balloon is charged against someone’s head and held against a wall?
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Current Electricity **Measured in amperes (amps)
**Current is how fast the electrons are flowing
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NEEDED: (1) Complete Path (2) Energy Source
Electric Circuits NEEDED: (1) Complete Path (2) Energy Source
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Conductor material that electrical charge can move through easily
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LOAD device in a circuit that converts electrical energy to another form of energy
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VOLTAGE measure of how much electrically charged particles carry. Measured in volts.
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Voltmeter *Meter to measure voltage
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Difference between amperes and voltage
Let’s say you have a garden hose turned on, but the nozzle is closed. You have pressure in the hose (voltage) but not flow (amperes). The flow or current is the amperes.
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Section 1.1 – Static Electricity
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Focusing Questions What exactly is electricity?
What is needed for electricity to move? What scientific principles are at work when a balloon is charged against someone’s head and held against a wall?
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Charge Separation Concentration of like charges in specific areas of a neutral object, caused by the approach of a charged object
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Static Electricity
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Laws of Electric Charge
Opposite charged attract each other Like charges repel each other
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Section 1.3 - Electrical Safety
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Short Circuit
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INSULATORS A substance that does not readily allow the passage of electricity
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3 Prong Plug
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Electrical Fuse Box
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Section 1.4 – Types of Cells
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Focusing Questions: What are the properties of electrochemical wet cells? What type of energy is changed into electrical energy in dry cells?
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DRY CELLS APPLICATION - Batteries
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Electrochemical Wet Cell
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Wet Cell Application Car Battery
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ELECTROLYTE liquid or paste that conducts electricity because it contains ions
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What is happening in the wet cell to produce electricity?
Ionic Compound (ex: NaCl) When placed in water it separates into Na+ and Cl- The “charged” solution allows electricity to flow through it and the electrons get attracted to the negative electrode (-) (this is compared to a molecular compound like sugar [C6H12O6] that does not break in solution) Electrode means metals **They have to be different
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what energy transformation occurs in a dry cell?
Why do the anode and cathode electrodes need to be made of different metals?
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Lab Series Blow a Fuse – Page 286
Need to have 3 circuit diagrams + the answers the following 3 questions: (1) What happens to the steel wool with 1.5V, 3V, 4.5V? (2) How does this compare to a fuse? (3) If the resistance of the steel wool is 2ohms, how much current did it take to blow the fuse? Fruit Cells – Page 289(290) – Demonstration Only BONUS QUESTION What is it about some fruits that allows them to conduct electricity? (Use scientific language; use the internet if necessary; write it in your own words) Choosing Electrolytes Lab – Page 291 Need Variables, 6 Circuit Diagrams, answers to questions 9-11 on page 291 (Use scientific language; use the internet if necessary; write it in your own words)
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