1. Disease

2. Disease Does not allow the body to function normally
Can affect individual organs or an entire body system
Divided into two groups –infectious and non-infectious

3. Infectious Disease
A disease that can be passed from organism to organism
Caused by tiny organisms called PATHOGENS

4. 4 KINDS OF PATHOGENS
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protist

5. Pathogens can come from
Another person

6. Contaminated objects

7. Animal bite

8. Environment

9. Some Infectious Diseases You Should Know
Colds
Flu
Strep Throat
Athlete’s Foot
AIDS

10. Colds
Illness caused by a viral infection located in the respiratory system
The cold virus multiplies and attacks the mucous membranes of the nose and throat causing the common effects of the cold (sore throat, runny nose, fever…)
Cold can not be treated with an antibiotic because it is caused by a virus

11. Flu
Influenza, commonly known as “the flu”, is a highly contagious viral disease of the respiratory system
Typically causes fever, muscle aches, and a more severe cough than the common cold and usually lasts longer

12. Think the flu is no big deal?
Think again…
In 1918, a particularly deadly strain of flu, called the Spanish Influenza, spread across the globe
It infected 20% of the human population and killed 5%, which came out to be about 100 million people

13. Athlete’s foot Common fungal infection of the skin of the feet
May be contracted from public environments
Grows in the warm and moist environment usually between the toes
Difficult to cure

14. Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Discovered in 1983
Specifically targets and kills T-cells
Because normal body cells are unaffected, immune response is not launched

15. AIDS ~The Modern Plague~
The HIV virus doesn’t kill you – it cripples your immune system
With your immune system shut down, common diseases that your immune system normally could defeat become life-threatening
Can show no effects for several months all the way up to 10 years

16. AIDS ~The Silent Spread~
Transmitted by sexual contact, blood transfusions, contaminated needles
As of 2007, it affects an estimated 33.2 million people

17. Strep Throat Contagious disease caused by bacterial infection
Symptoms include fever, pain, redness and swelling of the throat and tonsils
May produce mild or severe symptoms

18. Non-infectious Diseases
Not caused by pathogens in the body
Not spread from organism to organism

19. Causes of Non- infectious diseases
Heredity – information you get from your parents
The environment – examples are sun, radiation, chemicals
Lifestyle choices – smoking, drugs, alcohol

20. Types of Noninfectious Diseases
Diabetes
Asthma
Parkinson’s disease
Skin Cancer

21. Diabetes
A disease that results in glucose (sugar) level being higher than normal.
It is caused by the person’s inability to either produce or use properly a natural chemical made in the body (pancreas) called insulin.

22. Diabetes may lead to
Kidney disease
Heart disease
Vision problems

23. Parkinson’s Disease
Disease of the nervous system that occurs when nerve cells in the brain stop functioning properly, affecting the muscular system

24. Parkinson’s Disease: Major symptoms
Severe shaking (tremors)
Disabilities involving movement
At present, there is no cure

25. Skin Cancer
Disease in which skin cells found in the outer layers of the skin become damaged.

26. Factors that lead to Skin Cancer
Damaging ultraviolet rays (UV) from the sun or tanning beds
heredity

27. Asthma Affects the lungs and the airways that deliver air to the lungs
Causes periodic attacks of wheezing and difficulty breathing

28. Asthma attacks
Occur when the airways become inflamed in response to a stimulus, such as dust, mold, pets, exercise, or cold weather
Some attacks start for no apparent reason