1. The Protestant Reformation

2. Warm Up.
You could have any from Friday’s sheet, Perspective and use of Shadow are the big ones. Also, Renaissance art focused on regular people AND the Church, not just the Church like the Middle Ages.
People like Erasmus were very concerned about the corruption in the Catholic Church.

3. Reading Assignments in Your Partners
Academic Students- Complete pages 3 and 4 of your packet (it’s the first 2 pages).
Honors- Chapters 1 and 2. Only answer the questions at the beginning of the chapter, don’t worry about vocab.

4. Humanism
People are looking more at the world around them and thinking about how to make that world better.
The Printing Press accelerates this thinking, as more people begin to get more information about the world around them.
Soon this leads to more and more people questioning the Church.

5. The Church gets more secular
During the late Middle Ages, the Church became increasingly involved in worldly affairs.
They were competing against monarchs for power and land.
They start to look to ways to protect and expand their interests.

6. Church and the Renaissance
During the Renaissance the popes lead luxurious lives, surrounded by the best art and artists.
They hired the best artists to beatify their churches.
To help pay for all this, the Church sold “Indulgences.”

7. Indulgences
They were a piece of paper, that you could buy, that would forgive you of your sins.
Many people felt that this was not Biblical and that it was corrupt.
A movement begins that starts to protest the ways of the Church.

8. Martin Luther In 1517 Martin Luther, a monk, had enough.
A priest was selling indulgences outside of Luther’s town, Wittenberg, Germany.
The priest told the people that anyone who bought these indulgences would automatically get into heaven.
Luther was angry because this implied that poor peasants could not get into heaven.

9. The 95 Theses
He wrote the “95 Theses” which were a list of 95 problems he had with the Church.
He nailed them to the door of the Wittenberg cathedral.
Soon, copies of his 95 Theses (printing press) were all over Europe.

10. Luther gets excommunicated.
In 1521 the Church kicks Luther out, or excommunicates him.
Charles V, Holy Roman emperor, calls for a meeting with Luther the next year.
The meeting is called the Diet of Worms, (Diet means meeting, Worms was the city it was held in).
Charles V asks Luther to give up his views, Luther refuses.
Charles V declares Luther an outlaw, making it a crime to give him food or shelter.
Luther is too popular for this to have any effect.

11. Luther’s teachings
Basically, he said all Christians have equal access to God through faith and the Bible.
He wanted ordinary people to be able to read and interpret the Bible.
He banned indulgences.
He made the mass much less full of ritual.

12. Luther’s ideas spread.
The printing press helped spread his ideas all over Europe.
He attracts a large following of people.
By 1530, they are referring to themselves as “Protestant,” or people who “protested” papal authority.

13. German Princes accept Luther’s teachings.
Some really believed Luther and liked how he was fixing the Church.
Others simply wanted to stop paying money to Rome, and this gave them an opportunity to cut off ties with the Pope.

14. The Peasant Revolt.
Peasants welcomed Luther’s message, and wanted to take it a step further.
They began revolting around Germany, calling for an end to Feudalism.
The revolt turns violent, and Luther ends up condemning it, and he helps the Germany princes put it down.

15. The Peace of Augsburg
During the 1530’s and the 1540’s, Charles V tried to force German princes back into the Catholic Church.
Finally, an agreement is reached. Each prince could decide what religion they wanted to follow.
Northern German states mostly chose Lutheran, while the Southern German states mostly chose Catholic.