2. Cells
Chapter 2

3. The Cell
Cell- The basic unit of function and structure in living things.
Cells come in many shapes and sizes.

4. Cell Wall
Strong, rigid wall that protects the cell and gives it shape.
Plants, bacteria, fungi and some protists have Cell Walls.

6. The outer covering of a cell. Used for protection and support.
Cell Membrane
The outer covering of a cell.
Used for protection and support.
Controls what enters into the cell.

7. Cytosol
A gel-like substance found inside the cell.
Used to support the organelles.

9. Organelles
Structures within a cell with special functions.
There are many types of organelles, with different functions!

10. Nucleus
Regulates and controls all the activities within a cell.
Contains chromosomes- Thick strands of DNA that do not leave the nucleus.

11. Chloroplast used in photosynthesis.
Contain chlorophyll- Green pigment that captures the sun’s light.
Plants only

14. Mitochondria
Rod-shaped organelle that provides energy for the cell.
The POWERHOUSE of the cell!

16. Ribosomes
Tiny organelles that are used to make proteins.
Found free floating in cytoplasm or attached to ER.

17. Vacuoles
used for storage.
store food, water and waste.

18. contain digestive chemicals.
Lysosomes
contain digestive chemicals.
break down food, waste and dying organelles.

20. Chloroplast Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Lysosomes Vacuoles
Organelles
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Vacuoles

21. From Cell to Organism
Groups of cells combine to form tissues.
Groups of tissue combine to form organs.

22. From Cell to Organism (Cont)
Groups of organs combine to form organ systems.
Groups of organ systems combine to form an organism.

23. Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organisms

24. Golgi Body
Packages & ships macromolecules, then ships them in vesicles

25. Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells are complex with lots of membrane bound organelles- all cells but bacteria
Prokaryotic cells- bacteria- simplistic, no membrane bound organelles, no membrane bound nucleus, DNA free floating

26. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough & smooth
Rough with ribosomes
Smooth- synthesizes lipids
Rough- packages and transports proteins