1. The Thirteen Colonies & the early roots of American Gov’t.

2. Who came to the colonies?
Settlers were a diverse group including: Africans brought against their will, Scotch-Irish, Germans, Portuguese, Jews, Swedes, Dutch, French, Welsh, Irish, Scots, Belgians and Swiss
A majority of people that came to the colonies were English
The United States is known as the “melting pot” of the world. What does this mean?

3. The makeup of the colonies
New England Colonies:
Church membership very important (Puritans)
Economy developed around shipping
The Middle Colonies:
Diverse population
Exported wheat and corn and New York and Philadelphia developed as major trading cities
The Southern Colonies:
Economy based on crops for export like tobacco, rice and indigo
Slavery became important part of Southern economy

4. DO NOW Get handout on side table Store phone
At the top of your handout, define the term “mercantilism.” Use your Navigation Acts reading from Wednesday to help you!

5. Salutary Neglect Salutary Neglect The English let the colonies
be relatively independent (have local governments,
newspapers, etc
as long as the colonist
continued to send raw
materials to England and
bought English made goods
Colonist over time became used to this independence

6. IF YOU WERE THE KING OF ENGLAND , WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF…?
England was in debt for over $140 million pounds after paying the costs of the French and Indian War.
The colonies have been smuggling goods since the 1600’s, violating the Navigation Acts and cutting into British profits.
The new land, won from France, had to be controlled and protected from the Indians.
People in England were upset over their rising taxes which supported the colonies.
10,000 soldiers were sent to the colonies to protect the colonies. How would they be paid for and where would the funds come from?
Pontiac, an Ottawa chief, made life miserable for the colonists that lived west of the Appalachian Mountains; his Indians attacked the English who were on his land.
Communication and mutual understanding between the English and the colonists became difficult due to being 4,000 miles away.
The colonist appeared to be proud of their performance when helping England at the end of the war, now they seemed restless under English control.
The colonist seemed to be more unified than before and opposed many English rules and laws.
The colonist asked for more say in the government that rules their colony. They want very little interference from England.

10. The Thirteen Colonies and Geographical Regions

11. What geographical region
was settled by English, Dutch,
and German speaking immigrants?

12. ANSWER! Middle Colonies:
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware

13. What geographical region
was settled by Puritans
seeking religious freedom?

14. ANSWER! New England: New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island, Connecticut

15. What geographical region
was settled by people seeking
economic opportunities?

16. ANSWER! Southern Colonies Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,
South Carolina, Georgia

17. In what geographical region
is Virginia located?

18. ANSWER!
Virginia is part of the
Southern Colonies

19. What region developed
large plantations along
the coast that
grew “cash crops” such as
tobacco, rice, and indigo.

20. ANSWER!
Southern Colonies

21. What region developed
an economy based on
shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering
small-scale subsistence farming,
and eventually manufacturing?

22. Answer!
New England

23. What region developed
economies based on
shipbuilding, small-scale farming,
and trading?

24. ANSWER!
Middle Colonies

25. Why is Florida NOT considered
one of the original 13 colonies?

26. ANSWER!
Florida was claimed by Spain
and therefore NOT a part of the
original 13 English colonies
(see larger map below)

27. What New England colony
was founded by dissenters
fleeing persecution
by Puritans in Massachusetts?

28. ANSWER!
Rhode Island

29. What middle colony included
the Quakers?

30. ANSWER!
Pennsylvania
(Hint: remember the Quaker,
William Penn)

31. What colony was founded
as a refuge (safe place) for
Catholics?

32. ANSWER!
Maryland
(Hint: remember Lord Baltimore Calvert
and associate it with Baltimore, Maryland)

33. What region had a social structure
based on family status and
the ownership of land?

34. ANSWER! Southern Colonies (Hint: Remember Robert “King” Carter
who owned so much land in eastern
Virginia that he was respected as royalty)

35. What region had a social structure
based on religious standing?

36. ANSWER!
New England
(Hint: Remember the Puritans
settled in Massachusetts, where
religion was most important)

37. What region had the most flexible
social structure and began to develop
a middle class of skilled artisans,
entrepreneurs, and small farmers?

38. ANSWER!
Middle Colonies
(Hint: Pennsylvania was known as
the “best poor man’s country” because
even the poorest man could make a living)

39. What region maintained an allegiance
to the Church of England and
closer social ties to England
than the other colonies?

40. ANSWER!
Southern Colonies

41. In what colony would you find
the first elected assembly
in the New World?

42. ANSWER!
Virginia

43. What was the first elected
assembly in the New World?

44. ANSWER!
Virginia House of Burgesses
Established in 1640s, it has operated
continuously and is today known
as the General Assembly of Virginia

45. In what colony would you
most likely find the “Cavaliers?”

46. ANSWER!
Virginia

47. Who were the Cavaliers?

48. Who were the Cavaliers? ANSWER! English nobility who received
large land grants in eastern Virginia
from the King of England
(Hint: The UVA Cavaliers)

49. In what geographical region would you
find Indentured Servants?

50. ANSWER!
Southern Colonies

51. Who were Indentured Servants?

52. Who were Indentured Servants?
ANSWER!
Poor English, Scottish, or Irish immigrants
who agreed to work on plantations for a period
of time to pay for passage to the New World

53. What did it mean when
servants “Indentured” themselves?

54. ANSWER!
An “Indenture” is basically
a contract to work for a period
of time. Both the servant and
his/her master would sign it.
(Hint: See servant
William Buckland’s name on
the indenture to the left)

55. In what geographical region
would you find slaves?

56. ANSWER!
The Southern Colonies

57. Where did the Southern Colonies
get slaves?

58. Where did the Southern Colonies get slaves?
ANSWER!
Slaves were
forcibly brought from
Africa, a brutal journey
known as the
“Middle Passage”
“MIDDLE
PASSAGE”

59. Why were Africans brought to
the Southern Colonies?

60. ANSWER!
The first Africans were brought to
Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619 to
work on tobacco plantations.

61. If both groups of people worked
on plantations, what is the difference
between Indentured Servants and Slaves?

62. ANSWER!
Indentured Servants came willingly
from Europe to work for a period
of time by contract, and hope for better
life for children
while
Slaves were brought against their
will from Africa and worked for life,
and status was passed on to children

63. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?

64. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?

65. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?

66. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?
Southern Colonies
In what colonial region is Virginia located?

67. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?
Southern Colonies
In what colonial region is Virginia located?
What colonial region had an economy based on plantation agriculture and “cash crops?”
(tobacco and indigo)

68. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?
Southern Colonies
In what colonial region is Virginia located?
What colonial region had an economy based on plantation agriculture and “cash crops?”
(tobacco and indigo)
Why is Florida NOT considered one of the original 13 English colonies?

69. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?
Southern Colonies
In what colonial region is Virginia located?
What colonial region had an economy based on plantation agriculture and “cash crops?”
(tobacco and indigo)
Why is Florida NOT considered one of the original 13 English colonies?
Florida was settled by the Spanish
What colonial region had an economy based on
Shipbuilding, small-scale farming, and trading?

70. What colonial region was settled by German, English, and Dutch immigrants?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region was settled by Puritans seeking religious freedom?
New England
What colonial region was settled by people seeking economic opportunities (money)?
Southern Colonies
In what colonial region is Virginia located?
What colonial region had an economy based on plantation agriculture and “cash crops?”
(tobacco and indigo)
Why is Florida NOT considered one of the original 13 English colonies?
Florida was settled by the Spanish
What colonial region had an economy based on
Shipbuilding, small-scale farming, and trading?

71. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?

72. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?

73. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?

74. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What colony was founded by the Quakers?

75. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What colony was founded by the Quakers?
Pennsylvania
What colonial region had a social structure based on religious standing?

76. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What colony was founded by the Quakers?
Pennsylvania
What colonial region had a social structure based on religious standing?
What colonial region had the most flexible social structure and was the most tolerant?

77. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What colony was founded by the Quakers?
Pennsylvania
What colonial region had a social structure based on religious standing?
What colonial region had the most flexible social structure and was the most tolerant?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region had a social structure based on family status and ownership of land?

78. What colonial region had an economy based on shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, small-scale subsistence farming, and manufacturing?
New England
What colony was founded by Puritan dissenters fleeing persecution in Massachusetts?
Rhode Island
What colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What colony was founded by the Quakers?
Pennsylvania
What colonial region had a social structure based on religious standing?
What colonial region had the most flexible social structure and was the most tolerant?
Middle Colonies
What colonial region had a social structure based on family status and ownership of land?
Southern Colonies

79. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?

80. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?

81. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?
Cavaliers
What region maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and close social ties to England?

82. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?
Cavaliers
What region maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and close social ties to England?
Southern Colonies
Who were forcibly brought to Jamestown in 1619 to work on tobacco plantations?

83. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?
Cavaliers
What region maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and close social ties to England?
Southern Colonies
Who were forcibly brought to Jamestown in 1619 to work on tobacco plantations?
Slaves
What was the term used to describe the brutal journey for slaves from Africa to North America?

84. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?
Cavaliers
What region maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and close social ties to England?
Southern Colonies
Who were forcibly brought to Jamestown in 1619 to work on tobacco plantations?
Slaves
What was the term used to describe the brutal journey for slaves from Africa to North America?
Middle Passage
What was the 1st elected assembly in the New World called?

85. Who were poor English and Irish immigrants who in exchange for passage to the new world agreed to work for a period of time?
Indentured Servants
Who were English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King of England?
Cavaliers
What region maintained an allegiance to the Church of England and close social ties to England?
Southern Colonies
Who were forcibly brought to Jamestown in 1619 to work on tobacco plantations?
Slaves
What was the term used to describe the brutal journey for slaves from Africa to North America?
Middle Passage
What was the 1st elected assembly in the New World called?
Virginia House of Burgesses (today the General Assembly of Virginia)