1. Cellular Transport

2. Homeostasis
The need of an organism to maintain and regulate constant or stable internal conditions.
Example – body temperature
Much of homeostasis is maintained by the cell membrane controlling movement of things in and out of the cell

3. Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is said to be selectively permeable, meaning certain substances can move across it freely, while others must move through a “gate”.
Two types of transport
Passive transport
Active transport

4. Cellular Transport Passive Transport requires no energy
molecules move from high concentration (squished together) to low concentration (spread out)
down the concentration gradient
Active Transport requires energy (ATP)
Molecules move from low concentration to high concentration
against the concentration gradient

5. Types of Transport Passive Transport Active Transport Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Active Transport
Molecular Pumps
Exocytosis
Endocytosis

6. Words to Know Solute – what gets dissolved
Ex. Lemonade powder
Solvent – does the dissolving
Ex. Water
Solution – uniform mixture of two or more substances
Ex. Lemonade
Concentration – amount of solute dissolved in solvent

7. Passive Transport: Diffusion
Molecules move down a concentration gradient
Go from high concentration to low concentration

8. Passive Transport: Diffusion

9. Passive Transport: Facilitated Diffusion
A transport protein acts as a protein channel to help (facilitate) the diffusion of molecules that normally couldn‘t pass through the cell membrane
Ex. Glucose/sugar, sodium/salt
Molecules move down a concentration gradient,
Go from high concentration to low concentration

10. Passive Transport: Facilitated Diffusion

11. Passive Transport: Osmosis
The diffusion of water across the cell membrane
Water molecules move down a concentration gradient,
Go from high concentration to low concentration

12. Passive Transport: Osmosis

13. Passive Transport: Osmosis
Types of osmosis solutions
Hypertonic solution
Hypotonic solution
Isotonic solution

14. Passive Transport: Osmosis
Hypertonic solutions: water concentration is lower inside the cell compared to outside the cell
Water will move out of the cell, down its concentration gradient  Cell shrivels

15. Passive Transport: Osmosis
Hypotonic solutions: water concentration is higher inside the cell compared to outside the cell
Water will move into a cell, down its concentration gradient  Cell swells

16. Passive Transport: Osmosis
Isotonic solutions: water concentration inside the cell is the same as outside the cell
Water will moves in both directions  cell stays the same

17. Passive Transport: Osmosis
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
H2O
Cell stays the same
Cell shrivels
Cell swells

18. Active Transport Molecules move AGAINST the concentration gradient
From low concentration to high concentration

19. Active Transport: Molecular Pumps
When a cell uses energy to pump molecules across the membrane through a protein channel
This allows a cell to concentrate key molecules within the cell, or remove waste quickly from the cell

20. Active Transport: Endocytosis
A cell uses energy to import large amounts of materials INTO the cell using a vesicle
Ex. White blood cells engulf bacteria to fight infection

21. Active Transport: Exocytosis
A cell uses energy to export large amounts of materials OUT OF the cell using a vesicle
Ex. Nerve cells release neurotransmitters to pass signals to the brain