1. What is motion?

2. STANDARDS P8B1: The student will use examples to
explain the concept of inertia in everyday
situations. (4.1)
P8B1: The student will describe the following interactions: Speed, Velocity, and acceleration. (4.3)

3. STANDARDS P8B1: The student will provide evidence
to demonstrate the relationship between
force and motion. (4.6)
The student will identify the force(s)
acting on moving and
stationary objects. (4.7)

4. Motion is a change
in position, measured
by distance and time

5. A reference point
is needed to
measure movement

6. Are you moving
right now?

7. What is your
reference point?

8. Earth rotates
on its axis
at 1,100 mph
Earth orbits
the Sun at
68,000 mph

9. The whole galaxy rotates
at 490,000 mph

10. Frames
of Reference

11. Speed is the distance
traveled by a moving
object over a period
of time

12. distance
Speed =
time

13. distance Speed = time 10 feet = = 2 feet/min 5 minutes
A snail crawls 10 feet in 5 minutes.
What is the speed of the snail?
distance
Speed =
time
10 feet = =
2 feet/min
5 minutes

14. Velocity is speed in
a given direction

15. Velocity
It has both
speed and direction.

16. Do all these planes have
the same speed? Is
their
velocity
different?

17. Newton's Laws

18. Newton’s First Law of Motion
What is Newton’s first law of motion?
What are some examples of unbalanced forces?

19. First Law of Motion An object at rest will remain at rest, and a
moving object will
remain at a constant
velocity unless acted
on by an outside force.

23. Common Example of First Law
People commonly encounter the 1st law while sitting in a fast moving vehicle that comes to a sudden stop

24. 1st Law
An outside force (the collision) stop the vehicle, but passengers continue to move long after the vehicle is stopped

25. 1st Law
Why were the passengers thrown forward?

27.            
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton’s First Law: A body continues at rest or in motion in a straight line unless acted on by some force.  
Q: Why do we not observe this usually?
Q: Can you think of other examples (like the astronaut) of times when we do?

28. Second Law
of Motion
F = Ma
Force = mass X acceleration

29.             
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton’s Second Law:  

30. What does F = ma say?
F = ma basically means that the force of an object comes from its mass and its acceleration.
Something very massive (high mass) that’s changing speed very slowly (low acceleration), like a glacier, can still have great force.
Something very small (low mass) that’s changing speed very quickly (high acceleration), like a bullet, can still have a great force. Something very small changing speed very slowly will have a very weak force.

31. 2nd Law They both have the same acceleration (gravity)
That means the one with more mass will have more force when it hits the ground.
Which will have more force, the elephant or the hockey puck?

32. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Third Law
of Motion
For every action,
there is an equal
and opposite
reaction.

33. 3rd Law Forces come in pairs – action and reaction
If body A exerts a force on body B, the body B exerts an equal and opposite force on body A

34.                 
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton’s Third Law: To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

35. Newton’s 3rd Law Example

36. Another Example
The engine pushes gases down.
The rocket goes up.