1. Abolitionism – Reconstruction
Unit 5 Vocabulary
Abolitionism – Reconstruction

2. Abolitionism Movement to end slavery
Increased tension between the North and South
Made slavery a significant issue in American politics
Abolitionism

3. Nat Turner Led a slave rebellion in Virginia
Increases tension between North and South
Southerners increase restrictions on slaves and free blacks and Northerners say this proves slaves need to be free
Nat Turner

4. William Lloyd Garrison
Publisher of the Liberator
His newspaper supported abolitionism and brought more people to the cause
William Lloyd Garrison

5. Former slave who becomes famous abolitionist writer and speaker
He was an influential abolitionist because he experienced slavery himself
Fredrick Douglass

6. Grimke Sisters Southern women who were abolitionists
What they said was important because they experienced how bad slavery was from the slave owner's perspective
Grimke Sisters

7. States’ rights ideology
Belief that the power of the states should be protected
Wanted states to have more power than federal government
Commonly held belief of southerners before the Civil War
States’ rights ideology

8. Tried to resolve conflict over slavery in the West by saying all states except Missouri north of the 36’30 line would be free states
Only temporarily solved the conflict
Missouri Compromise

9. War between U. S. and Mexico from 1846-1848, in which the U. S
War between U.S. and Mexico from , in which the U.S. wins land from Mexico in the West
New land meant new arguments over slavery in the West
War with Mexico

10. Banned slavery in territories won during the War with Mexico
Divided Congress along regional lines
Wilmot Proviso

11. Placing the interest of one’s region over the interest of the whole nation
Sectionalism

12. Compromise of 1850 California is a free state
Other territories would decide based upon popular sovereignty (a vote)
Fugitive Slave Act (runaway slaves were returned to the South)
Compromise of 1850

13. The territories of Kansas and Nebraska would vote to decide whether they would become slave or free states.
The competition to gain votes resulted in violence between pro-slavery groups and abolitionists (Bleeding Kansas)
Kansas-Nebraska Act

14. A system where people vote to decide what to do on an issue
Used to decide whether some territories would be free or slave
Popular Sovereignty

15. A slave (Scott) sued for freedom
A slave (Scott) sued for freedom. He had been brought into a free state, so he said he was no longer a slave.
Court ruled that slaves were property and that owners had the right to keep them even in free states.
Dred Scott Decision

16. John Brown raided the US Army arsenal in Harper’s Ferry, Virginia.
He wanted to start a slave rebellion, but he was captured and hanged.
Divides the North and South even more. North saw him as a martyr and the South said he was a terrorist.
John Brown’s Raid

17. After South Carolina seceded (broke away) from the Union (North), Confederate (Southern) forces surround and attack the Union base at Fort Sumter.
This battle was the beginning of the Civil War.
Fort Sumter

18. Stopped General Lee’s (Confederate) first march towards Washington D.C.
After a tie in the battle the Confederates had to retreat back to the south.
Bloodiest single day in the war
Battle of Antietam

19. Union General Grant attacked and captured the Confederate city of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
This victory gave the Union control of the Miss. River and split the Confederacy in half.
Battle of Vicksburg

20. Battle of Gettysburg Union victory
Stopped General Lee’s second march into northern territory.
3 day battle with 100,000 casualties
Turning point of the war in favor of the Union
Battle of Gettysburg

21. Battle for Atlanta Union Victory
Control of Atlanta gave the Union control of the south, because Atlanta was a “transportation hub.”
Battle for Atlanta

22. General in command of the Union (the North) Army.
Ulysses Grant

23. General in Command of the Confederate (Southern) Army.
Robert E. Lee

24. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Confederate general that was second-in-command under General Lee.
Killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

25. Union general who used the concept of “Total War” to make southerners want to surrender.
“March to the Sea”
Burned a path of destruction from Atlanta to Savannah
William T. Sherman

26. President of the “Confederate States of America”
Jefferson Davis

27. How did President Lincoln try to preserve the Union?
First bullet: What does Lincoln say?
Second Bullet: How did it help preserve the Union?
DON’T WRITE THIS DOWN
How did President Lincoln try to preserve the Union?

28. Suspension of Habeas Corpus
Says that prisoners of war and supporters of the Confederacy do not have the right to trial
Stops enemies of the Union from working against them
Suspension of Habeas Corpus

29. Speech that says to honor the dead by winning the war and preserving the Union
Encourages people to keep fighting
Gettysburg Address

30. Emancipation Proclamation
Frees the slaves in southern states
Former slaves will support the Union and join the union army
Emancipation Proclamation

31. Second Inaugural Address
We need to finish the war, but treat the South with kindness and welcome them back
Gets rid of divisions, helps heal the country and bring both sides together
Second Inaugural Address

32. Presidential Reconstruction
Reconstruction under President Lincoln and President Johnson
Was more lenient on the South
Presidential Reconstruction

33. Radical Republican Reconstruction
Congress was in control of Reconstruction
Put the South under military supervision
Gave more rights to African Americans
Radical Republican Reconstruction

34. Created to help former slaves adjust to life as freedmen
Freedmen’s Bureau

35. Ended slavery
13th Amendment

36. Protects the rights of African-Americans
14th Amendment

37. Gave black males the right to vote
15th Amendment

38. Laws that were passed to limit the freedom and movement of black laborers
Wanted to restore race relations to the way they were before emancipation
Forced many blacks to become sharecroppers
Black Codes

39. Ku Klux Klan White supremacist hate group
Klan violence prevented African-Americans from voting and returned Democrats to power in the South
Ku Klux Klan

40. Impeachment The process of accusing a president of wrongdoing
Andrew Johnson was impeached by the House for violating the Tenure of Office Act, but was acquitted in the Senate trial
Impeachment

41. Presidential election of 1876
Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) lost the popular vote and electoral votes were disputed, so Congress appointed a commission to solve the problem
The Commission votes for Hayes because it was mostly Republican
Led to Compromise of 1877 and end of Reconstruction
Presidential election of 1876

42. Democrats agree to accept Hayes as president if federal troops were removed from the South
This marks the end of Reconstruction
Compromise of 1877