1. Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 263-267 (September 2013)
Glucosamine alleviates scopolamine induced spatial learning and memory deficits in rats 
Khadijeh Jamialahmadi, Hamid Reza Sadeghnia, Ghazaleh Mohammadi, Ali Masoudi Kazemabad, Mahmoud Hosseini 
Pathophysiology 
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages (September 2013)
DOI: /j.pathophys
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2. Fig. 1
Comparison of time latencies between groups. Rats in control group (n=8) received saline injection. Animals in scopolamine (Sco) group (n=6) were injected by scopolamine 30min before Morris water maze test. In scopolamine+glucosamine 1g (Sco+GlcN 1g) and scopolamine+glucosamine 2g (Sco+GlcN 2g) groups (n=6 in each group) the animals were treated by 1 and 2g/kg of glucosamine respectively, before scopolamine and then were tested in Morris water maze. The injections were given for 5 consecutive days. Data are presented as means±SEM. ***P<0.001 compared to control group, +P<0.05 and ++P<0.01 compared to scopolamine group.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Comparison of traveled distances between groups. Rats in control group (n=8) received saline. In scopolamine (Sco) group (n=6) scopolamine was injected 30min before Morris water maze test. In scopolamine+glucosamine 1g (Sco+GlcN 1g) and scopolaimne+glucosamine 2g (Sco+GlcN 2g) groups (n=6 in each group) the animals were treated by 1 and 2g/kg of glucosamine respectively, before scopolamine and then were tested in Morris water maze. Data are presented as mean±SEM. ***P<0.001 compared to control group, +P<0.05 and +++P<0.001 compared to Sco group, $P<0.05 compared to Sco+GlcN 1g group.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
The results of the time (s) spent in target quadrant (Q1) during the probe trial on day 6 (24h after the last secession of learning). Data are shown as mean±SEM of 6–8 animals per group. The platform was removed, and the time spent in the target quadrant (Q1) was compared between the groups. *P<0.05 to control group.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions