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Casuariiformes
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Cassowaries Flightless birds, no keel
Distribution – tropical forests of New Guinea, northeastern Australia Species Casuarius casuarius – Southern Cassowary Casuarius bennetti – Dwarf Cassowary Casuarius unappendiculatus – Northern Cassowary
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Southern Cassowary Distribution – southern New Guinea, northeastern Australia, Aru Island Mainly in the lowlands Conservation status is Least Concern Synapomorphies Stiff, bristly black feathers Blue face and neck Horn-like brown casque Middle toe is a tagger-like claw, up to 12cm Can be up to 190 pounds, but usually range between 40 and 150 pounds
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Southern Cassowary continued
Eats fruits, seeds, fungi, and insects and some small vertebrates Males incubate and raise the chicks alone Have been known to kill humans
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Dwarf Cassowary Distribution – New Guinea, New Britain, Yapen
Mainly in the highlands Conservation status is Least Concern Synapomorphies Smallest of the cassowaries Usually between 40 and 60 pounds Low and triangular casque Pink cheeks, red patches on a blue neck Dagger-like inner toe Eat seeds of fallen fruits, small animals, and insects
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Northern Cassowary Distribution – Northern and western
New Guinea, Yapen Mainly in lowlands Conservation status is Least Concern Synapomorphies Stiff black plumage Blue facial skin Bright red or yellow colored neck Dagger-like inner toe Males can be pounds, while females can be up to 130 pounds
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Northern Cassowary continued
Eat mainly fruits and small mammals
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Sugarbirds
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Classification Classification Species Order – Passeriformes
Suborder – Passeri Family – Promeropidae Species Promerops gurneyi – Gurney’s sugarbird Promerops cafer – Cape sugarbird
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Gurney’s sugarbird Distribution – Mozambique,
Lesotho, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe Subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, shrubby vegetation Conservation status is Least Concern
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Cape sugarbird Distribution – Western Cape and
Female Cape sugarbird Distribution – Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa Endemic to Fynbos biome Synapomorphies Yellow spot beneath tail Males have extra long tail feathers Conservation status is Least Concern Male
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Sugarbirds continued Pollinators Eat nectar, bees, and flies
Breeding behavior Monogamous Males defend territories during the breeding season Females lay two eggs in a nest in a fork of a tree
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