1. Essential Question: How does ATP transfer energy for use by the cell and why can’t the cell use glucose for energy?

2. Recall… HETEROTRPHS cannot make their own food
AUTOTROPHS can make their own food
Ex: Green plants, a few kinds of bacteria
HETEROTRPHS cannot make their own food
Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria

3. EVERYTHING is connected!
SUNLIGHT is the ultimate source of energy for everything on planet!

4. Energy Can change forms: Ability to do work
Cannot be created or destroyed
Can change forms:
- EX: Light energy can be changed into chemical energy

5. List all the types/forms of energy you can think of ...

6. Energy is stored in chemical BONDS!!

7. When you break a chemical bond energy is released.

8. Energy that cells use is called
Energy that cells use is called
ATP
Image by: Riedell

9. ATP is a special nucleotide made up of:
3 PHOSPHATE GROUPS
ATP = __________________________
Adenosine triphosphate

10. Energy Stored in Bonds of ATP

11. Looks just like ATP, except it only has 2 phosphates
ATP can change into ADP
2 PHOSPHATE GROUPS
ADP = __________________________
Adenosine diphosphate
Looks just like ATP, except it only has 2 phosphates

12. And makes ATP!! To STORE energy, cells add a phosphate on to ADP ATP
It’s like recharging the battery !

13. To release energy, the cell breaks off a phosphate… And makes ADP!
This energy is used to power cellular activities

14. ATP-ADP Cycle Video

15. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
ACTIVE TRANSPORT :

16. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
Movement, Cell Division
Meiosis:
Cilia:

17. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
Creating new biomolecules
Replication:
Transcription:
Translation:

18. WHAT DO CELLS NEED ATP FOR ?
GROWTH
and
REPAIR

19. ATP is useful BUT . . .
Even though GLUCOSE stores more than energy in its bonds than ATP, cells CANNOT use glucose for energy.
Glucose must first be converted to ATP

20. ATP is useful BUT . . .
ATP is good for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but NOT for storing energy LONG TERM. Cells only keep a small amount ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning glucose.

21. Cornell Summary