1. What is a Mineral? Definition
A naturally formed, inorganic, solid that has a definite crystalline structure.
Naturally formed – not made by people
Inorganic – made from non-living things
Solid – definite shape and volume
Crystalline structure – repeated inner pattern of atoms that helps to shape the mineral

2. Atoms and Compounds
Native Element
Minerals are made up of atoms of one or more elements
Most minerals are compounds of several different elements
A mineral that has only one kind of element is called a native element

3. Mineral Classification
Silicates
Classified based on chemical composition
Minerals that contain a combination of the elements silicon and oxygen
Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
Found on or near the Earth’s surface
Examples are Quartz, Mica, and Feldspar

4. Nonsilicates
Minerals that do not contain a combination of Silicon and Oxygen
Usually found farther into the earth away from the surface
Often contain elements such as Carbon, Fluorine, Sulfur, and Oxygen
Examples are Copper, Calcite, and Galena