1. Describe the purpose of colonization in complete sentences.
Bell Work
Describe the purpose of colonization in complete sentences.

2. The Constitution
Subtitle

3. The Preamble
We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

4. Article 1

5. Congress = Legislature Legislature makes laws
Section 1 - Legislature
Congress = Legislature
Legislature makes laws
It is bicameral (2 chambers)
Senate and House of Representatives

6. Section 2 – House of Representatives
Elected every 2 years
To serve
25 years old
Citizen 7 years
Live in state represented
Appointed based on population
A vacant seat calls for a special state election
Only House can impeach, and it chooses its majority leader.

7. Each state gets 2, terms last 6 years
Section 3 – The Senate
Each state gets 2, terms last 6 years
1/3 of Senate is elected every other year
To serve…
30 years, Citizen 9 years, Resident of state
VP is head, but can only vote in tie
Senate Pro tem leads if VP is absent
Only Senate can hold impeachment trial
If found guilty of impeachment trial, removed from office.

8. Section 4 – Congressional Elections
States set up elections for Congress, but Congress sets rules.
Congress must meet at least 1 time per year.

9. Section 5 – Rules/Procedures
Requires a certain amounts of votes
Uses Parliamentary Procedure.
They must publish records
Both chambers must work at the same time

10. Section 6 - Payment
Congress sets its own pay
Can’t be arrested for opinion/votes
People in Executive or Judicial branch can’t be in Legislative.

11. Section 7 – How a Bill Becomes A Law
You have a picture

12. Section 8 – Powers Granted to Congress
Power to tax and control budget
May go into debt
Regulate interstate commerce (between states)
Regulate immigration and bankruptcies
Coin money and set value
Punish counterfeiters
Establish Post offices and patent laws

13. Section 8 Cont’d
9. Set up lower level courts 10. Punish pirates 11. Declare war 12. Raise and support armies 13. Provide a navy 14. Set up rules for armed forces 15. Call out militia (National Guard) 16. States set militia personnel

14. Section 8 Cont’d
17. Create a capital outside of states (Wash. D.C.) 18. Elastic Clause – “Necessary and Proper” clause - This gives Congress powers that may not be state in the Constitution, but are needed by the federal government. (Called implied powers.)

15. Section 9 – Slavery, Clause 1
Banned attempts to outlaw international slavery (buying from outside U.S.) by Slaves were sold within the U.S.

16. Section 9 – Slavery, Clause 2
Cannot suspend habeas corpus (bring the body to the court)
No ex post facto laws (after the fact)
No direct tax
Congress can’t tax states unequally
Congress controls money and spending
Cannot grant titles of nobility

17. States can’t have dealing w/ foreign nations independently
Section 10
States can’t have dealing w/ foreign nations independently
States can’t place tariffs (tax on imports) on other states
States can’t start wars or run armies.

18. The Executive
Article 2

19. Section 1 President serves 4 year terms (and VP)
Electoral College is based on pop. of each state.
The VP was the 2nd place candidate
Congress sets date for Presidential elections
To serve…
35 years old
Natural citizen
Lives inside U.S. for 14 years straight
Presidential succession (when President dies)
President’s salary
Oath for President

20. Judicial Branch
Article 3

21. Supreme Court leads the Judicial branch
Circle 1
Supreme Court leads the Judicial branch
Supreme Court justices serve life long terms

22. Federal courts involve federal laws and disputes between states.
Circle 2
Federal courts involve federal laws and disputes between states.
Original jurisdiction in cases involving states
Trials for crimes must involve jury

23. Treason verdicts require 2 eye witnesses.
Circle 3
Treason verdicts require 2 eye witnesses.
Cannot punish relatives/descendents of convicts of treason.

24. Relations Among States
Article 4

25. Section 1
Each state has to recognize the laws, records, and court rulings in other states.
“Full Faith and Credit Clause”

26. States can’t discriminate against residents of other states.
Section 2
States can’t discriminate against residents of other states.
Extradition – requires states to capture fugitives and send them to the state they are wanted in.
Fugitive slaves were under this category.

27. Territories may become equal states.
Section 3
Territories may become equal states.
Congress directly controls territories until they are states.

28. Each state must have a representative government.
Section 4
Each state must have a representative government.
The federal gov’t must protect ALL states.

29. Amending the Constitution
Article 5

30. Amendments are proposed by 2/3 vote in both chambers of Congress, then go to the state legislatures.
¾ state legislatures are required to approve the amendment.

31. Supremacy of the National Government
Article 6

32. Debts from the Articles of Confederation go to the national gov’t
Federal Gov’t
Debts from the Articles of Confederation go to the national gov’t
Laws in the Constitution trump state laws
All gov’t officials must swear an oath to support the Constitution

33. Ratification
Article 7

34. Ratifying the Constitution
9/13 must ratify the Constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation.

35. Wrap Up

36. Pick one of the first three articles
How is the Constitution an improvement over the Articles of Confederation. Give me examples of the differences between the two.